1, \(45+x^3-5x^2-9x=9\left(5-x\right)+x^2\left(x-5\right)\)

\(=\left(9-x^2\right)\left(x-5\right)=\left(3-x\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)\)

3, \(x^4-5x^2+4\)

Đặt \(x^2=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)ta có : 

\(t^2-5t+4=t^2-t-4t+4=t\left(t-1\right)-4\left(t-1\right)\)

\(=\left(t-4\right)\left(t-1\right)=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)

`Answer:`

1. `45+x^3-5x^2-9x`

`=x^3+3x^2-8x^2-24x+15x+45x`

`=x^2 .(x+3)-8x.(x+3)+15.(x+3)`

`=(x+3).(x^2-8x+15)`

`=(x+3).(x^2-5x-3x+15)`

`=(x-3).(x-5).(x-3)`

2. `x^4-2x^3-2x^2-2x-3`

`=x^4+x^3-3x^3+x^2+x-3x-3`

`=x^3 .(x+1)-3x^2 .(x+1)+x.(x+1)-3.(x+1)`

`=(x+1).(x^3-3x^2+x-3)`

`=(x+1).[x^3 .(x-3).(x-3)]`

`=(x+1).(x-3).(x^2+1)`

3. `x^4-5x^2+4`

`=x^4-x^2-4x^2+4`

`=x^2 .(x^2-1)-4.(x^2-1)`

`=(x^2-1).(x^2-4)`

`=(x-1).(x+1).(x-2).(x+2)`

4. `x^4+64`

`=x^4+16x^2+64-16x^2`

`=(x^2+8)^2-16x^2`

`=(x^2+8-4x).(x^2+8+4x)`

5. `x^5+x^4+1`

`=x^5+x^4+x^3-x^3+1`

`=x^3 .(x^2+x+1)-(x^3-1)`

`=x^3 .(x^2+x+1)-(x-1).(x^2+x+1)`

`=(x^2+x+1).(x^3-x+1)`

6. `(x^2+2x).(x^2+2x+4)+3`

`=(x^2+2x)^2+4.(x^2+2x)+3`

`=(x^2+2x)^2+x^2+2x+3.(x^2+2x)+3`

`=(x^2+2x+1).(x^2+2x)+3.(x^2+2x+1)`

`=(x^2+2x+1).(x^2+2x+3)`

`=(x+1)^2 .(x^2+2x+3)`

7. `(x^3+4x+8)^2+3x.(x^2+4x+8)+2x^2`

`=x^6+8x^4+16x^3+16x^2+64x+64+3x^3+12x^2+24x+2x^2`

`=x^6+8x^4+19x^3+30x^2+88x+64`

8. `x^3 .(x^2-7)^2-36x`

`=x[x^2.(x^2-7)^2-36]`

`=x[(x^3-7x)^2-6^2]`

`=x.(x^3-7x-6).(x^3-7x+6)`

`=x.(x^3-6x-x-6).(x^3-x-6x+6)`

`=x.[x.(x^2-1)-6.(x+1)].[x.(x^2-1)-6.(x-1)]`

`=x.(x+1).[x.(x-1)-6].(x-1).[x.(x+1)-6]`

`=x.(x+1).(x-1).(x^2-3x+2x-6).(x^2+3x-2x-6)`

`=x.(x+1).(x-1).[x.(x-3)+2.(x-3)].[x.(x+3)-2.(x+3)]`

`=x.(x+1)(x-1).(x-2).(x+2).(x-3).(x+3)`

9. `x^5+x+1`

`=x^5-x^2+x^2+x+1`

`=x^2 .(x^3-1)+(x^2+x+1)`

`=x^2 .(x-1).(x^2+x+1)+(x^2+x+1)`

`=(x^2+x+1).(x^3-x^2+1)`

10. `x^8+x^4+1`

`=[(x^4)^2+2x^4+1]-x^4`

`=(x^4+1)^2-(x^2)^2`

`=(x^4-x^2+1).(x^4+x^2+1)`

`=[(x^4+2x^2+1)-x^2].(x^4-x^2+1)`

`=[(x^2+1)^2-x^2].(x^4-x^2+1)`

`=(x^2-x+1).(x^2+x+1).(x^4-x^2+1)

11. ` x^5-x^4-x^3-x^2-x-2`

`=x^5-2x^4+x^4-2x^3+x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2`

`=x^4 .(x-2)+x^3 ,(x-2)+x^2 .(x-2)+x.(x-2)+(x-2)`

`=(x-2).(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1)`

12. `x^9-x^7-x^6-x^5+x^4+x^3+x^2-1`

`=(x^9-x^7)-(x^6-x^4)-(x^5-x^3)+(x^2-1)`

`=x^7 .(x^2-1)-x^4 .(x^2-1)-x^3 .(x^2-1)+(x^2-1)`

`=(x^2-1).(x^7-x^4-x^3+1)`

`=(x-1)(x+1)(x^3-1)(x^4-1)`

`=(x-1)(x+1)(x^2+x+1)(x-1)(x^2-1)(x^2+1)`

`=(x-1)^2 .(x+1)(x^2+x+1)(x-1)(x+1)(x^2+1)`

`=(x-1)^3 .(x+1)^2 .(x^2+x+1)(x^2+1)`

13. `(x^2-x)^2-12(x^2-x)+24`

`=[ (x^2-x)^2-2.6(x^2-x)+6^2]-12`

`=(x^2-x+6)^2-12`

`=(x^2-x+6-\sqrt{12})(x^2-x+6+\sqrt{12})`

1x2= 2       1x2x3=6             1x2x3x4=24               1x2x3x4x5=120            1x2x3x4x5x6=720                   1x2x3x4x5x6x7=5040 

1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8=40320                 1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9=362880           1x2x3x4x5x6x7x8x9x10=3628800

1 x 2 = 2

1 x 2 x 3 = 6

1 x 2 x 3 x 4 = 24

1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 = 120

1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 = 720

1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 = 5040

1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 = 40320

1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 x 9 = 362880

1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 x 9 x 10 = 3628800

1 . 2 = 2

1 .2 .3 = 6

1 .2 .3 .4 = 24

1 .2 .3 .4 .5 = 120

1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 = 720

1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 = 5040

1 .2 .2 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 = 40320

1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 =362880

1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .10 = 3628800

          hok tốt

a, \(2\left(x+3\right)\left(x-4\right)=\left(2x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)-27\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-4x+3x-12\right)=2x^2+4x-x-2-27\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-2x-24=2x^2+3x-29\Leftrightarrow-5x+5=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

b, \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-x\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=26\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-8-x\left(x^2-9\right)=26\Leftrightarrow-8+9x=26\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9x=18\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

huyển vế: 
(x-2)(x-6)(x-3)(x-4)- 72X^2 

(x-2)(x-6) 
= (x^2 - ... +12) 
số giữa: 
-6x -2x = -8x 

(x-3)(x-4) 
= (x^2 ... +12) 
số giữa: 
-4x -3x = -7x 

nhân 2 số giữa với nhau: 
(-8x)(-7x) = +56x^2 
-72x^2 +56x^2 = -16x^2 = (-16x)(x) 

Đáp số: 
(x^2 -16x +12)(x^2 +x +12)

2. \(x\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+5\right)=280\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+5\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=280\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+5x\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)=280\)

Đặt \(x^2+5x+3=t\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(t-3\right)\left(t+3\right)=280\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-9=280\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2=289\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=17\\t=-17\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+5x+3=17\\x^2+5x+3=-17\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+5x-14=0\\x^2+5x+20=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-14=0\text{(vì }x^2+5x+20=\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{55}{4}>0\forall x\text{)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+7x-14=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+7\left(x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+7\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x - 2 = 0 hoặc x + 7 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 2 hoặc x = - 7

Vậy x = 2 hoặc x = -7.

3. \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)=x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+12x^2+47x+60-x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+12x^2+46x+60=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+6x^2+6x^2+36x+10x+60=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+6\right)+6x\left(x+6\right)+10\left(x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+6\right)\left(x^2+6x+10\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+6=0\text{(vì }x^2+6x+10=\left(x+3\right)^2+1>0\forall x\text{)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-6\)

Vậy x = -6.

4.\(\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+6\right)}=\dfrac{1}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left[\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+6\right)}\right]=\dfrac{2}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{x\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(x+4\right)\left(x+6\right)}=\dfrac{2}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}-\dfrac{1}{x+4}+\dfrac{1}{x+4}-\dfrac{1}{x+6}=\dfrac{2}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+6}=\dfrac{2}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6}{x\left(x+6\right)}=\dfrac{2}{9}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x+6\right)=54\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+12x-54=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-6x+18x-54=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-3\right)+18\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+18\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-3\right)\left(x+9\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x - 3 = 0 hoặc x + 9 = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = 3 hoặc x = -9

Vậy x = 3 hoặc x = -9.

\(1.\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)=x\left(2x+1\right)+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2=2x^2+x+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x^2-3x-x=-2+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-x^2-4x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(-x-4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\-x-4=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-4\end{cases}}\)Vậy S={-4;0}

\(2.\left(x+2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)=8x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2-8x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+4-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-8x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x+4-x^2+4x-4-8x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0=0\)(luôn đúng vs mọi giá trị của x)

\(3.\left(2x-1\right)\left(x^3-x+1\right)=2x^3-3x^2+16=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^4-2x^2+2x-x^3+x-1=2x^3-3x^2+16=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^4-x^3-2x^2+3x-1=2x^3-3x^2+16=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^4-x^3-2x^3-2x^2+3x^2+3x-1-16=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^4-3x^3+x^2+3x-17=0\)

Cái này là phương trình bậc 4 lận, Giải hơi mất thời gian

4 x 2 x 5 = ?

Cách 1: 4 x 2 x 5 = (4 x 2) x 5 = 8 x 5 = 40

Cách 2: 4 x 2 x 5 = 4 x (2 x 5) = 4 x 10 = 40

7 x 2 x 3 = ?

Cách 1: 7 x 2 x 3 = (7 x 2) x 3 = 14 x 3 = 42

Cách 2: 7 x 2 x 3 = 7 x (2 x 3) = 7 x 6 = 42

6 x 3 x 3 = ?

Cách 1: 6 x 3 x 3 = (6 x 3) x 3 = 18 x 3 = 54

Cách 2: 6 x 3 x 3 = 6 x (3 x 3) = 6 x 9 = 54

6 x 2 x 4 = ?

Cách 1: 6 x 2 x 4 = (6 x 2) x 4 = 12 x 4 = 48

Cách 2: 6 x 2 x 4 = 6 x (2 x 4) = 6 x 8 = 48