Với mọi số thực dương x;y;z ta có:

\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2zx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+3y^2+3z^2\ge x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\le\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}\)

Áp dụng:

a.

\(\sqrt{a+2}+\sqrt{b+2}+\sqrt{c+2}\le\sqrt{3\left(a+2+b+2+c+2\right)}=\sqrt{3\left(21+6\right)}=9\)

b.

\(\sqrt{a+b+2}+\sqrt{b+c+2}+\sqrt{c+a+2}\le\sqrt{3\left(a+b+2+b+c+2+c+a+2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a+b+2}+\sqrt{b+c+2}+\sqrt{c+a+2}\le\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)+18}=\sqrt{6.21+18}=12\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=7\)

ko khó nhưng mà bn đăng từng câu 1 hộ mk mk giải giúp cho

gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)

Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)

=> Thay vào thì     \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)

\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)

Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào

=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)

=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)

=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\) 

Đặt: \(\sqrt{a}=x;\sqrt{b}=y;\sqrt{c}=z\)

=>     \(P=\frac{xy}{z^2+3xy}+\frac{yz}{x^2+3yz}+\frac{zx}{y^2+3zx}\)

=>     \(3P=\frac{3xy}{z^2+3xy}+\frac{3yz}{x^2+3yz}+\frac{3zx}{y^2+3zx}=1-\frac{z^2}{z^2+3xy}+1-\frac{x^2}{x^2+3yz}+1-\frac{y^2}{y^2+3zx}\)

Ta sẽ CM: \(3P\le\frac{9}{4}\)<=> Cần CM: \(\frac{x^2}{x^2+3yz}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+3zx}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+3xy}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

Có:    \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

Ta sẽ CM: \(\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

<=> \(4\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+9\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

<=> \(4\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+9\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)

<=> \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)

Mà đây lại là 1 BĐT luôn đúng => \(3P\le\frac{9}{4}\)=> \(P\le\frac{3}{4}\)

Vậy P max \(=\frac{3}{4}\)<=> \(a=b=c\)

Ta có:

\(ab+bc+ca\le\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+3}}\le\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+3}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+3}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)

Cộng vế:

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(P_{max}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a;b;c\ge0\\a+b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow0\le a;b;c\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(a-1\right)\le0\Rightarrow a^2\le a\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2a^2+3a+4}=\sqrt{a^2+a^2+3a+4}\le\sqrt{a^2+a+3a+4}=a+2\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(\Rightarrow M\le a+2+b+2+c+2=7\)

\(M_{max}=7\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị

chuyển mỗi biểu thức trong cân về cùng bậc 2 ta có:

\(a+\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{4}=a\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{4}=a^2+a\left(b+c\right)+\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2-4ab}{4}\)

\(=\left(a+\frac{b+c}{2}\right)^2-bc\le\left(a+\frac{b+c}{2}\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a+\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{2}}\le a+\frac{b+c}{2}\)

tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{b+\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{4}}\le b+\frac{c+a}{2}\\\sqrt{c+\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}}\le c+\frac{a+b}{2}\end{cases}}\)

cộng theo vế của bđt trên ta được

\(P=\sqrt{a+\frac{\left(b-c\right)^2}{4}}+\sqrt{b+\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{4}}+\sqrt{c+\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}}\le2\left(a+b+c\right)=2\)

Vậy GTLN của P=2 đạt được khi a=b=0;c=1 và các hoán vị

Ta có \(\sqrt{bc\left(1+a^2\right)}=\sqrt{bc+a^2bc}=\sqrt{bc+a\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)

Đặt BT đề cho là P

\(\Leftrightarrow P=\sum\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{bc\left(1+a^2\right)}}=\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{a+b}\cdot\dfrac{a}{a+c}}\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot3=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)

\(Q=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+ab+bc+ca}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+ab+bc+ca}}\)

\(=\dfrac{2a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{2a}{a+b}.\dfrac{2a}{a+c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2b}{a+b}.\dfrac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2c}{a+c}.\dfrac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2a}{a+b}+\dfrac{2a}{a+c}+\dfrac{2b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{2c}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{9}{4}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{7}{\sqrt{15}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{15}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{15}}\right)\)

Tham khảo:

Với các số thực không âm a,b,c thỏa mãn \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\), tìm giá trị lớn nhất, giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức:  \(Q=\s... - Hoc24

xin lỗi nha MÌNH sai đề ở chổ \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}=3\)