Bài 1 : 

\(a) Fe_2O_3 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o}2Fe + 3H_2O\\ b) n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{80}{160}= 0,5(mol)\\ n_{H_2} = 3n_{Fe_2O_3} = 1,5(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 1,5.22,4 = 33,6(lít)\\ n_{Fe} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 1(mol)\\ m_{Fe} = 1.56 = 56(gam)\)

Bài 2 :

\(a) Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} =\dfrac{5,6}{56} = 0,1(mol)\\ V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)\\ n_{HCl} =2 n_{Fe} = 0,2(mol)\\ m_{HCl} = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3(gam)\)

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)

c, \(C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)

Màu đỏ nha :))

a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

b+c) Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{HCl}=0,6\cdot36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl còn dư, NaOH p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa đỏ

Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaCl}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,5\cdot58,5=29,25\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\cdot36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddHCl}+m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{5\%}+20=458\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{29,25}{458}\cdot100\%\approx6,39\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65}{458}\cdot100\%\approx0,8\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{25,2}{56}=0,45mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,45       0,9          0,45       0,45

\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,45.22,4=10,08l\\ b)C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,9}{0,2}=4,5M\\ c)C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,45}{0,2}=2,25M\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,3}{65}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

0,02   0,04         0,02      0,02 

\(V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,04}{4}=0,01M\)

b, \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

               0,02    0,02 

\(m_{Cu}=0,02.64=1,28\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.9,8}{100}=19,6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(X+H_2SO_4\rightarrow XSO_4+H_2\)

0,2        0,2          0,2        0,2

\(M_X=\dfrac{8}{0,2}=40\left(dvC\right)\)

-> Canxi 

\(b,V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(c,m_{CaSO_4}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddCaSO_4}=8+200-\left(0,2.2\right)=207,6\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{207,6}.100\%\approx13,1\%\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,1.1,2=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

a           3a            a          1,5a

Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl₂ + H₂

b         2b           b           b

Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=1,66\\1,5a+b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,02\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,02.27=0,54\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,02.56=1,12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(AlCl_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1}=0,2M\\C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1}=0,2M\\C_{M\left(HCl.dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,12-0,02.3-0,02.2}{0,1}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)

a, \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{9,916}{24,79}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,4.56=22,4\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2.7}{27}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n_{AlCl_3}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n_{HCl}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow n_{H_2}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)

\(V=0.6\cdot22.4=13.84\left(lít\right)\)

Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3,65\%.600}{100\%}}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:2Al+6HCl--->2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,6}{6}\)

Vậy HCl dư, Al hết

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V=V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(lít\right)\)

Bn tính số mol á, bạn lấy tỉ lệ số mol với tỉ lệ PT, số mol cao hơn thì chất đó dư, ta tính theo chất còn lại