1.

Ta sẽ chứng minh BĐT sau: \(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2+a^2}\ge\dfrac{10}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)

Do vai trò a;b;c như nhau, ko mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(c=min\left\{a;b;c\right\}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=a+\dfrac{c}{2}\\y=b+\dfrac{c}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+y=a+b+c\)

Đồng thời \(b^2+c^2=\left(b+\dfrac{c}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{c\left(3c-4b\right)}{4}\le\left(b+\dfrac{c}{2}\right)^2=y^2\)

Tương tự: \(a^2+c^2\le x^2\) ; \(a^2+b^2\le x^2+y^2\)

Do đó: \(A\ge\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}\)

Nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}\ge\dfrac{10}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)

Mà \(\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\le\dfrac{1}{4xy}\) nên ta chỉ cần chứng minh:

\(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}\ge\dfrac{5}{2xy}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}-\dfrac{2}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2}-\dfrac{1}{2xy}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{x^2y^2}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2\left(2x^2+2y^2-xy\right)}{2x^2y^2}\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy \(A\ge\dfrac{10}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{10}{3^2}=\dfrac{10}{9}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{3}{2};\dfrac{3}{2};0\right)\) và các hoán vị của chúng

2.

Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{ab+1-1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{bc+1-1}{1+bc}+\dfrac{ca+1-1}{1+ca}\)

\(B=3-\left(\dfrac{1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{1}{1+ca}+\dfrac{1}{1+ab}\right)\)

Đặt \(C=\dfrac{1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{1}{1+bc}+\dfrac{1}{1+ca}\)

Ta có: \(C\ge\dfrac{9}{3+ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{9}{3+\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{27}{13}\)

\(\Rightarrow B\le3-\dfrac{27}{13}=\dfrac{12}{13}\)

\(B_{max}=\dfrac{12}{13}\) khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

Do \(a;b;c\in\left[0;1\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow ab+1\ge a+b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+c+1\ge a+b+c=2\)

\(\Rightarrow abc+ab+c+1\ge ab+c+1\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(c+1\right)\left(ab+1\right)\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab+1}\le\dfrac{c+1}{2}\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta có: 

\(\dfrac{1}{bc+1}\le\dfrac{a+1}{2}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{ca+1}\le\dfrac{b+1}{2}\)

Cộng vế: \(C\le\dfrac{a+b+c+3}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow B\ge3-\dfrac{5}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(B_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;1;1\right)\) và các hoán vị của chúng

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có:

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}}{8}+\dfrac{\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}}{8}+\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\). (1)

Đặt \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}=t\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{3}}\le t\le2\).

\(\dfrac{3\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}}{4}+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}=\dfrac{3t}{4}+\dfrac{4-2t^2}{4}=\dfrac{\left(2-t\right)\left(2t+1\right)}{4}+\dfrac{3}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\). (2)

Cộng vế với vế của (1), (2) ta được \(P\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\).

...

Ta có: \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}=\sqrt{3};\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}\le\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=3\).

Đặt \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2+c^2}=t\) \((\sqrt{3}\leq t\leq 3)\).

Ta có: \(P=t+\dfrac{9-t^2}{4}+\dfrac{1}{t^2}=\dfrac{4t^3+9t^2-t^4+4}{4t^2}\).

\(\Rightarrow P-\dfrac{28}{9}=\dfrac{\left(3-t\right)\left(9t^3-9t^2+4t+12\right)}{36}\).

Do \(\sqrt{3}\le t\le3\) nên \(3-t\geq 0\); \(9t^3-9t^2+4t+12>4t+12>0\).

Nên \(P\ge\dfrac{28}{9}\).

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi t = 3, tức (a, b, c) = (0; 0; 3) và các hoán vị.

Vậy...

Áp dụng BĐT: \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\) ta có:

\(a+b+b\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{a+2b}{3}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}}{3}\)

Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{b+2c}{3}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}}{3}\) ; \(\sqrt{\dfrac{c+2a}{3}}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{c}+2\sqrt{a}}{3}\)

Cộng vế với vế và rút gọn:

\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+2b}{3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b+2c}{3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+2a}{3}}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\) (đpcm)

\(=\left(1^2+4^2\right)\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{b^2}\right)\ge\left(1a+4.\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+\dfrac{1}{vb^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+\dfrac{4}{b}\right)\) 

Tương tự

\(\sqrt{b^2+\dfrac{1}{c^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(b+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)\\ \sqrt{c^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(c+\dfrac{4}{a}\right)\\ Do.đó:\\ Q\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+b+c+\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\\ \left(a+b+c+\dfrac{36}{a+b+c}\right)\) 

\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\\ \left[a+b+c+\dfrac{9}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{135}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}\right]\\ \ge\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)