Sửa đề: \(P=x^{2008}+y^{2009}+z^{2010}\)

Ta có: x+y+z=1

nên \(\left(x+y+z\right)^3=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)+1=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=0\)

mà 3>0

nên \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y+z=0\\x+z=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\x=-z\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay x=-y vào biểu thức \(x+y+z=1\), ta được:

\(-y+y+z=1\)

hay z=1

Thay x=-y và z=1 vào biểu thức \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\), ta được:

\(\left(-y\right)^2+y^2+1=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2+y^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2=0\)

hay y=0

Vì x=-y

và y=0

nên x=0

Thay x=0; y=0 và z=1 vào biểu thức \(P=x^{2008}+y^{2009}+z^{2010}\), ta được:

\(P=0^{2008}+0^{2009}+1^{2010}=1\)

Vậy: P=1

Từ \(x\left(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+y\left(\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+z\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=-2\) ta có:

\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x+xy^2+yz^2+zx^2+2xyz=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y+z=0\\z+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\).

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử x + y = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow x=-y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3=-y^3\).

Kết hợp với \(x^3+y^3+z^3=1\) ta có \(z^3=1\Leftrightarrow z=1\).

Vậy \(P=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{-y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{1}=1\).

\(\left(x+y-z\right)^3-x^3-y^3+z^3\)

\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)-z\right]^3-x^3-y^3+z^3\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-z^3-3\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y-z\right)-x^3-y^3+z^3\)

\(=x^3+y^3-z^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)-3\left(x+y\right)z\left(x+y-z\right)-x^3-y^3+z^3\)

\(=3xy\left(x+y\right)-3z\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-z\right)\)

\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left[xy-z\left(x+y-z\right)\right]\)

\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-zx-yz+z^2\right)\)

\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left[x\left(y-z\right)-z\left(y-z\right)\right]\)

\(=3\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)\)

#\(Urushi\text{☕}\)

Áp dụng (a+b)3 = a3+b3+3ab(a+b), ta có:

(x+y+z)3-x3-y3-z3

=[(x+y)+z]3-x3-y3-z3

=(x+y)3+z3+3z(x+y)(x+y+z)-x3-y3-z3

=x3+y3+3xy(x+y)+z3+3z(x+y)(x+y+z)-x3-y3-z3

=3(x+y)(xy+xz+yz+z2)

=3(x+y)[x(y+z)+z(y+z)]

=3(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)

=(x+y-z-x)[(x+y-z)^2+x(x+y-z)+x^2]-(y-z)(y^2+yz+z^2)

=(y-z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-2xz-2yz+x^2+xy-xz+x^2-y^2-yz-z^2)

=(y-z)(3x^2+3xy-3xz-3yz)

=3(y-z)(x^2+xy-xz-yz)

=3(y-z)[x(x+y)-z(x+y)]

=3(y-z)(x+y)(x-z)

Ta có: ( x - y) z³ + ( y - z ) x³ + ( z - x ) y³  

= ( x - y ) z³ + ( y - z )x³ + ( z - y)y³ + ( y - x ) y³

= ( x - y ) ( z³ - y³ ) + ( y - z ) ( x³ - y³) 

= ( x - y ) ( z - y ) ( z² + zy + y² ) + ( y - z ) ( x - y) ( x² + xy + y² ) 

= ( x - y ) ( y - z ) ( x² + xy + y² - z² - zy - y²) 

= ( x - y ) ( y - z ) [ ( x² - z²) + ( xy - zy) ]

= ( x - y ) ( y - z ) [ ( x - z ) ( x + z ) + y ( x - z ) ]

= ( x - y ) ( y - z ) ( x - z ) ( x + y + z ) 

(x - y).z³ + (y - z).x³ + (z - x).y³

= z³(x - y) + x³y - x³z + y³z - xy³

= z³(x - y) + xy(x² - y²) - z(x³ - y³)

= z³(x - y) + xy(x - y)(x + y) - z(x - y)(x² + xy + y²)

= (x - y)(z³ + x²y + xy² - x²z - xyz - y²z)

= (x - y)[z(z² - x²) + xy(x - z) + y²(x - z)]

= (x - y)[z(z - x)(z  + x) - xy(z- x) - y²(z - x)]

= (x - y)(z - x)(z² + xz - xy - y²)

= (x - y)(z - x)[(y - z)(y + z) - x(y - z)]

= (x  - y)(z - x)(y - z)(y + z - x)

Đáp án B

( x + y + z)³ - x³ - y³ - z³=x³+y³+z³+3(a+b)(a+c)(b+c)- x³ - y³ - z³

                                              = 3(a+b)(b+c)(a+c)