\(A=7+7^2+7^3+7^4+7^5+7^6+7^7+7^8\)

\(A=\left(7+7^3\right)+\left(7^2+7^4\right)+\left(7^5+7^7\right)+\left(7^6+7^8\right)\)

\(A=7\cdot\left(7+7^2\right)+7^2\cdot\left(1+7^2\right)+7^5\cdot\left(1+7^2\right)+7^6\cdot\left(1+7^2\right)\)

\(A=7\cdot50+7^2\cdot50+7^5\cdot50+7^6\cdot50\)

\(A=50\cdot\left(7+7^2+7^5+7^6\right)\)

\(A=5\cdot10\cdot\left(7+7^2+7^5+7^6\right)\)

Ta có: 5 ⋮ 5

⇒ \(A=5\cdot10\cdot\left(7+7^2+7^5+7^6\right)\) ⋮ 5 (đpcm) 

A = 7 + 72 + 73 + 74 + 75 + 76 + 77 + 78

A =  (7 + 73) + (72+ 74) + (75 + 77) + (76 + 78)

A = 7.(1 + 72)  + 72.(1 + 72) + 75.(1 + 72) + 76.(1 + 72)

A = 7.( 1 + 49) + 72.( 1 + 49) + 75.(1 + 49) + 76. (1 + 49)

A = 7.50 + 72.50 + 75.40 + 76.50

A = 50.(7 + 72 + 75 + 76)

Vì 50 ⋮ 5 nên A = 50.(7 + 72 + 76) ⋮ 5 đpcm

A = 7 + 7² + 7³ + 7⁴ + 7⁵ + 7⁶ + 7⁷ + 7⁸

A =  (7 + 7³) + (7²+ 7⁴) + (7⁵ + 7⁷) + (7⁶ + 7⁸)

A = 7.(1 + 7²)  + 7².(1 + 7²) + 7⁵.(1 + 7²) + 7⁶.(1 + 7²)

A = 7.( 1 + 49) + 7².( 1 + 49) + 7⁵.(1 + 49) + 7⁶. (1 + 49)

A = 7.50 + 7².50 + 7⁵.50 + 7⁶.50

A = 50.(7 + 7² + 7⁵ + 7⁶)

Vì 50 ⋮ 5 nên A = 50.(7 + 7² + 7⁶) ⋮ 5 đpcm

Câu 18: A

Câu 19: B

Bài 5:

a) \(x^2-xy+x-y\)

\(=\left(x^2-xy\right)+\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-y\right)\)

b) \(xz+yz+4x+4y\)

\(=\left(xz+yz\right)+\left(4x+4y\right)\)

\(=z\left(x+y\right)+4\left(x+y\right)\)

\(=\left(z+4\right)\left(x+y\right)\)

c) \(x^2-x-y^2+y\)

\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)

d) \(x^2+2x+2z-z^2\)

\(=\left(x^2-z^2\right)+\left(2x+2z\right)\)

\(=\left(x+z\right)\left(x-z\right)+2\left(x+z\right)\)

\(=\left(x+z\right)\left(x-z+2\right)\)

4.2:

a: x^2-x+1=x^2-x+1/4+3/4

=(x-1/2)^2+3/4>=3/4>0 với mọi x

=>x^2-x+1 ko có nghiệm

b: 3x-x^2-4

=-(x^2-3x+4)

=-(x^2-3x+9/4+7/4)

=-(x-3/2)^2-7/4<=-7/4<0 với mọi x

=>3x-x^2-4 ko có nghiệm

5:

a: x^2+y^2=25

x^2-y^2=7

=>x^2=(25+7)/2=16 và y^2=16-7=9

x^4+y^4=(x^2)^2+(y^2)^2

=16^2+9^2

=256+81

=337

b: x^2+y^2=(x+y)^2-2xy

=1^2-2*(-6)

=1+12=13

x^3+y^3=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)

=1^3-3*1*(-6)

=1+18=19

a: Xét ΔACF và ΔAED có 

AC=AE

\(\widehat{A}\) chung

AF=AD

Do đó: ΔACF=ΔAED

\(B=\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{20}+...+\dfrac{1}{110}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{10.11}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{11}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{11}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)

Bài 6: 

\(A=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left|2y-\dfrac{3}{4}\right|+\dfrac{175}{3}\ge\dfrac{175}{3}\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left(x,y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{3}{8}\right)\)

Bài 7:

\(a,A=\dfrac{2a+a-3}{a-3}\cdot\dfrac{\left(a-3\right)\left(a+3\right)}{3}=\dfrac{3\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)}{3}=\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)\\ b,B=\dfrac{b+3-6}{b+3}:\dfrac{b^2-9-b^2+10}{\left(b-3\right)\left(b+3\right)}\\ B=\dfrac{b-3}{b+3}\cdot\left(b-3\right)\left(b+3\right)=\left(b-3\right)^2\)

Bài 8:

\(a,M=\dfrac{4m^2-4mn+n^2}{m^2}:\dfrac{n-2m}{mn}=\dfrac{\left(n-2m\right)^2}{m^2}\cdot\dfrac{mn}{n-2m}=\dfrac{n\left(n-2m\right)}{m}\\ b,N=\dfrac{1}{3}+x:\dfrac{x+3-x}{x+3}=\dfrac{1}{3}+x\cdot\dfrac{x+3}{3}=\dfrac{1+x^2+3x}{3}\)

Bài 8: 

b: \(N=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{x+3-x}{x+3}}=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{x}{\dfrac{3}{x+3}}=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{x+3}{3x}=\dfrac{x+x+3}{3x}=\dfrac{2x+3}{3x}\)

Bài 7:

a)ĐKXĐ:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge m+1\\x\ge\dfrac{m}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: \(m+1< \dfrac{m}{4}\Rightarrow m< -\dfrac{4}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\ge\dfrac{m}{4}\)\(\Rightarrow x\in\)\([\dfrac{m}{4};+\)\(\infty\)\()\)

Để hàm số xác định với mọi x dương \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(0;+\infty\right)\subset\)\([\dfrac{m}{4};+\)\(\infty\)\()\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m}{4}\ge0\Leftrightarrow m\ge0\) kết hợp với \(m< -\dfrac{4}{3}\Rightarrow m\in\varnothing\)

TH2:\(m+1\ge\dfrac{m}{4}\Rightarrow m\ge-\dfrac{4}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\ge m+1\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(x\in\)\([m+1;+\)\(\infty\))

Để hàm số xác định với mọi x dương \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(0;+\infty\right)\subset\)\([m+1;\)\(+\infty\)\()\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m+1\le0\Leftrightarrow m\le-1\) kết hợp với \(m\ge-\dfrac{4}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow m\in\left[-\dfrac{4}{3};-1\right]\)

Vậy...

b)ĐKXĐ:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2-m\\x\ne-m\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x\in\)\([2-m;+\)\(\infty\)) (vì \(-m< 2-m\))

Để hàm số xác ddingj với mọi x dương

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(0;+\infty\right)\subset\)\([2-m;+\)\(\infty\))

\(\Leftrightarrow2-m\le0\Leftrightarrow m\ge2\)

Vậy...

Bài 9:

a)Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=x^2+2x-2\)

TXĐ:\(D=R\)

TH1:\(x\in\left(-\infty;-1\right)\)

Lấy \(x_1;x_2\in\left(-\infty;-1\right)\)\(:x_1\ne x_2\) 

Xét \(I=\dfrac{f\left(x_1\right)-f\left(x_2\right)}{x_1-x_2}=\dfrac{x_1^2+2x_1-2-\left(x_2^2+2x_2-2\right)}{x_1-x_2}=x_1+x_2+2\)

Vì \(x_1;x_2\in\left(-\infty;-1\right)\Rightarrow x_1+x_2< -1+-1=-2\)\(\Leftrightarrow x_1+x_2+2< 0\)

\(\Rightarrow I< 0\)

Suy ra hàm nb trên \(\left(-\infty;-1\right)\)

TH2:\(x\in\left(-1;+\infty\right)\)

Lấy \(x_1;x_2\in\left(-1;+\infty\right)\)\(:x_1\ne x_2\) 

Xét \(I=\dfrac{f\left(x_1\right)-f\left(x_2\right)}{x_1-x_2}=\dfrac{x_1^2+2x_1-2-\left(x_2^2+2x_2-2\right)}{x_1-x_2}=x_1+x_2+2>0\)

Suy ra hàm đb trên \(\left(-1;+\infty\right)\)

Vậy...

b)Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{2}{x-3}\)

TXĐ:\(D=R\backslash\left\{3\right\}\)

TH1:\(x\in\left(-\infty;3\right)\)

Lấy \(x_1;x_2\in\left(-\infty;3\right)\)\(:x_1\ne x_2\) 

Xét \(I=\dfrac{f\left(x_1\right)-f\left(x_2\right)}{x_1-x_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{x_1-3}-\dfrac{2}{x_2-3}}{x_1-x_2}=\dfrac{-2}{\left(x_1-3\right)\left(x_2-3\right)}\)

Vì \(x_1;x_2\in\left(-\infty;3\right)\Rightarrow x_1-3< 0;x_2-3< 0\Rightarrow\left(x_1-3\right)\left(x_2-3\right)>0\)

\(\Rightarrow I< 0\)

Suy ra hàm nb trên \(\left(-\infty;3\right)\)

TH2:\(x\in\left(3;+\infty\right)\)

Lấy \(x_1;x_2\in\left(3;+\infty\right)\)\(:x_1\ne x_2\) 

Xét \(I=\dfrac{f\left(x_1\right)-f\left(x_2\right)}{x_1-x_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{x_1-3}-\dfrac{2}{x_2-3}}{x_1-x_2}=\dfrac{-2}{\left(x_1-3\right)\left(x_2-3\right)}\)

Vì \(x_1;x_2\in\left(3;+\infty\right)\Rightarrow x_1-3>0;x_2-3>0\Rightarrow\left(x_1-3\right)\left(x_2-3\right)>0\)

\(\Rightarrow I< 0\)

Suy ra hàm nb trên \(\left(3;+\infty\right)\)

Vậy hàm nb trên \(\left(-\infty;3\right)\) và \(\left(3;+\infty\right)\)