Khai triển:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\left(a+b-c\right)^2\)
\(\left(a-b-c\right)^2\)
khai triển các biểu thức sau:
\(a.\left(2x+3y\right)^2\)
\(b.2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2+y\right)\left(x^2-2y\right)\)
\(c.\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
a. (2x+3y)2= (2x)2+2.2x.3y+(3y)2
=4x2+12xy+9y2
b. 2(\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)x2+y)(x2-2y)
=(x2+2y)(x2-2y)
=x4-4y2
c, (x+y+z)2= [(x+y)+z]2
=(x+y)2+2(x+y)z+z2
=x2+2xy+y2+2xz+2yz+z2
=x2+y2+z2+2xy+2yz+2xz
BT1: Khai triển
\(a,\left(\dfrac{x^2}{2}+y^2\right)^2\)
\(b,\left(\dfrac{4}{5}x^2-\dfrac{2}{3}y\right)^2\)
\(c,\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
a) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2}{2}+y^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2+y^2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\right)^2+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\cdot y^2+\left(y^2\right)^2\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}x^4+x^2y^2+y^4\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{4}{5}x^2-\dfrac{2}{3}y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{4}{5}x^2\right)^2-2\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}x^2\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}y+\left(\dfrac{2}{3}y\right)^2\)
\(=\dfrac{16}{25}x^4-\dfrac{16}{15}x^2y+\dfrac{4}{9}y^2\)
c) \(\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=\left(2x\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
\(=4x^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
a: (1/2x^2+y^2)^2
=(1/2x^2)^2+2*1/2x^2*y^2+y^4
=1/4x^4+x^2y^2+y^4
b: (4/5x^2-2/3y)^2
=(4/5x^2)^2-2*4/5x^2*2/3y+4/9y^2
=16/25x^4-16/15x^2y+4/9y^2
c: =(2x)^2-(1/2)^2
=4x^2-1/4
Khai triển hằng dẳng thức
1, \(\left(a+b-c\right)^2\)
2, \(\left(a-b+c\right)^2\)
3, \(\left(x-y+z\right).\left(x-y-z\right)\)
\(\left(a+b-c\right)^2=\left(\left(a+b\right)-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2+c^2-2\left(a+b\right)c\)
\(=a^2+b^2+2ab+c^2-2ac-2bc\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2bc-2ca\)
\(\left(a-b+c\right)^2=\left(\left(a-b\right)+c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+c^2+2\left(a-b\right)c\)
\(=a^2+b^2-2ab+c^2+2ac-2bc\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab-2bc+2ca\)
\(\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x-y-z\right)=\left(\left(x-y\right)+z\right)\left(\left(x-y\right)-z\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2\)
\(=x^2+y^2-2xy-z^2\)
( a + b - c )2 = [ ( a + b ) - c ]2
= ( a + b )2 - 2( a + b )c + c2
= a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab - 2bc - 2ac
( a - b + c )2 = [ ( a- b ) + c ]2
= ( a - b )2 + 2( a - b )c + c2
= a2 + b2 + c2 - 2ab - 2bc + 2ca
( x - y + z )( x - y - z ) = [ ( x - y ) + z ][ ( x - y ) - z ]
= ( x - y )2 - z2
= x2 + y2 - z2 - 2xy
a,\(\left(a+b-c\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(a+b\right)-c\right]^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2-2\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\)
\(=a^2+2ab+b^2-2\left(ac+bc\right)+c^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab-2ac-2bc\)
c,\(\left(a-b+c\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(a-b\right)+c\right]^2\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a-b\right)c+c^2\)
\(=a^2-2ab+b^2+2\left(ac-bc\right)+c^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab+2ac-2bc\)
c,\(\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x-y\right)+z\right]\left[\left(x-y\right)-z\right]\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2\)
\(=x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2\)
\(=x^2+y^2-z^2-2xy\)
Bài 1 : Dùng hằng đẳng thức để khai triển và thu gọn các biểu thức sau
a) \(\left(-4xy-5\right).\left(5-4xy\right)\)
b) \(\left(a^2b+ab^2\right).\left(ab^2-a^2b\right)\)
c) \(\left(3x-4\right)^2+2.\left(3x-4\right).\left(4-x\right)+\left(4-x\right)^2\)
d) \(\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right).\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
\(a,\left(-4xy-5\right)\left(5-4xy\right)=\left(4xy+5\right)\left(4xy-5\right).\)
\(=\left(4xy\right)^2-5^2=16x^2y^2-25\)
\(b,\left(a^2b+ab^2\right)\left(ab^2-a^2b\right)=\left(ab^2+a^2b\right)\left(ab^2-a^2b\right)\)
\(=\left(ab^2\right)^2-\left(a^2b\right)^2=a^2b^4-a^4b^2\)
\(c,\left(3x-4\right)^2+2\left(3x-4\right)\left(4-x\right)+\left(4-x\right)^2\)
\(=\left[\left(3x-4\right)+\left(4-x\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left(3x-4+4-x\right)^2=\left(2x\right)^2=4x^2\)
\(d,\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)-\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(a^2+b^2\right)+ab\right]\left[\left(a^2+b^2\right)-ab\right]-\left(a^4+b^4\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-\left(ab\right)^2-a^4-b^4\)
\(=a^4+2a^2b^2+b^4-a^2b^2-a^4-b^4=a^2b^2\)
Khai triển các hằng đẳng thức sau:
a, \(\left(2x^3y-0,5x^2\right)^3\)
b, \(\left(x-3y\right)\left(x^2+3xy+9y^2\right)\)
c, \(\left(x^2-3\right).\left(x^4+3x^2+9\right)\)
a) \(\left(2x^3y-0,5x^2\right)^3\)
\(=\left(2x^3y\right)^3-3\left(2x^3y\right)^20,5x^2+3.2x^3y\left(0,5x^2\right)^2-\left(0,5x^2\right)^3\)
\(=8x^9y^3-6x^8y^2+1,5x^7y-0,125x^6\)
b) \(\left(x-3y\right)\left(x^2+3xy+9y^2\right)\)
\(=x^3-\left(3y\right)^3\)
\(=x^3-27y^3\)
c) \(\left(x^2-3\right)\left(x^4+3x^2+9\right)\)
\(=x^3-3^3\)
\(=x^3-27.\)
Phân tích đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) \(a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)\)
b) \(a^3\left(b-c\right)+b^3\left(c-a\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\)
c) \(a^4\left(b-c\right)+b^4\left(c-a\right)+c^4\left(a-b\right)\)
d) \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-c^2\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)\)
e) \(a.\left(b+c\right)^2\left(b-c\right)+b\left(c+a\right)^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a+b\right)^2.\left(a-b\right)\)
a) \(a^2\left(b-c\right)+b^2\left(c-a\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=a^2b-a^2c+c^2a-c^2b+b^2\left(c-a\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2b-c^2b\right)-\left(a^2c-c^2a\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(a^2-c^2\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(a+c\right)-ac-b^2\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(ab+bc-ac-b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[\left(ab-b^2\right)+\left(bc-ac\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(a-b\right)+c\left(b-a\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
b) \(a^3\left(b-c\right)+b^3\left(c-a\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=a^3b-a^3c+c^3a-c^3b+b^3\left(c-a\right)\)
\(=\left(a^3b-c^3b\right)-\left(a^3c-c^3a\right)-b^3\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(a^3-c^3\right)-ac\left(a^2-c^2\right)-b^3\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=b\left(a-c\right)\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)-ac\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)-b^3\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)-ac\left(a+c\right)-b^3\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(ba^2+abc+bc^2-a^2c-ac^2-b^3\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[\left(ba^2-a^2c\right)+\left(abc-ac^2\right)+\left(bc^2-b^3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[a^2\left(b-c\right)+ac\left(b-c\right)+b\left(c^2-b^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[a^2\left(b-c\right)+ac\left(b-c\right)-b\left(b^2-c^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[a^2\left(b-c\right)+ac\left(b-c\right)-b\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left[a^2+ac-b\left(b+c\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a^2+ac-b^2-bc\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)
65. Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) \(ab\left(a+b\right)-bc\left(b+c\right)+ac\left(a-c\right)\)
b) \(a\left(b^2+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2abc\)
c) \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2+a^2\right)\)
d) \(a^3\left(b-c\right)+b^3\left(c-a\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\)
e) \(a^3\left(c-b^2\right)+b^3\left(a-c^2\right)+c^3\left(b-a^2\right)+abc\left(abc-1\right)\)
65. Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) \(ab\left(a+b\right)-bc\left(b+c\right)+ac\left(a-c\right)\)
b) \(a\left(b^2+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2+b^2\right)+2abc\)
c) \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-c^2\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-a^2\right)\)
d) \(a^3\left(b-c\right)+b^3\left(c-a\right)+c^3\left(a-b\right)\)
e) \(a^3\left(c-b^2\right)+b^3\left(a-c^2\right)+c^3\left(b-a^2\right)+abc\left(abc-1\right)\)
Khai triển các hằng đẳng thức sau:
\(a,\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)\)
\(b,\left(x+2y+z\right)\left(x+2y-z\right)\)
a) \(\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)=8x^3-1\)
b) \(\left(x+2y+z\right)\left(x+2y-z\right)=\left(x+2y\right)^2-z^2\)
a) \(\left(2x-1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)=\left(2x\right)^3-1^3=8x^3-1\)
b) \(\left(x+2y+z\right)\left(x+2y-z\right)=\left(x+2y\right)^2-z^2.\)