chứng minh: \(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)=3k\left(k+1\right)\)
trong đó k thuộc N*
từ đó suy ra công thức tính tổng
\(S=1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n\left(n+1\right)\)
Gửi : Nguyễn Huy Thắng ( Quy nạp )
CMR : 1.2+2.3+3.4+...+n.(n+1)=\(\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{3}\)
Giải :
Đặt biểu thức trên là (*)
Với n = 1 Thì (*) \(\Leftrightarrow1.2=\frac{1.2.3}{3}\) ( Đúng )
Giả sử với (*) đúng với n=K
=> (*) <=> 1.2+2.3+...+k.(k+1)=\(.\frac{k.\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{3}\)
Ta phải chứng minh (*) cùng đúng với 2=k+1
thật vậy với n=k+1
=>(*) <=> 1.2+2.3+...+k.(k+1)+(k+1).(k+2)=\(\frac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)}{3}\)
=> \(\frac{k.\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{3}+\left(k+1\right).\left(k+2\right)=\frac{\left(k+1\right).\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)}{3}\)
=> \(\frac{k}{3}+1=\frac{k+3}{3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{k}{3}+1=\frac{k}{3}+1\)( Đúng )
=> (*) đúng với n = k+1
Vậy (*) đúng với mọi n thuộc N*
Sai hay đúng vậy :)
Tính các tổng :
a) \(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\) ( Hướng dẫn : \(\frac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}\))
b) \(B=\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
( Hướng dẫn : \(\frac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{k+2}\right)-\frac{1}{k+1}\))
\(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
a) Ta có: \(A=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(A=\frac{n+1}{n+1}-\frac{1}{n+1}\)
\(A=\frac{n}{n+1}\)
Học tốt nha^^
\(B=\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=\frac{2}{1.2.3}+\frac{2}{2.3.4}+\frac{2}{3.4.5}+...+\frac{2}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\)
\(\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
Chứng minh rằng với k \(\in\) N* ta luôn có \(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)=3k\left(k+1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)\\ =k\left(k+1\right)\left[\left(k-2\right)-\left(k-1\right)\right]\\ =k\left(k+1\right)\left[k-2-k+1\right]\\ =k\left(k+1\right)\left\{\left[k+\left(-k\right)\right]+\left(2+1\right)\right\}\\ =k\left(k+1\right).3\\ =3.k\left(k+1\right)\)
Vậy \(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)\\ =3.k.\left(k+1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(VT=k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)\)
\(=k\left(k+1\right)\left[\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)\right]\)
\(=k\left(k+1\right)\left[k+2-k+1\right]\)
\(=k\left(k+1\right)\left[\left(k-k\right)+\left(2+1\right)\right]\)
\(=k\left(k+1\right).3\)
\(=3k\left(k+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=VP\)
Vậy với \(k\in N\)* thì ta luôn có:
\(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)=3k\left(k+1\right)\) (Đpcm)
Chứng tỏ: \(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)=3k\left(k+1\right)\)
\(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)=3k\left(k+1\right)\)
\(VT=\left(k+1\right)\left[k\left(k+2\right)-k\left(k-1\right)\right]=\left(k+1\right)\left(k^2+2k-k^2+k\right)\)
\(=\left(k+1\right).3k=VP\)
Chứng minh: Với k\(\in\)N, ta luôn có: \(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)=3.k\left(k+1\right)\)
k(k+1)(k+2)-(k-1)k(k+1)
=(k+1)(k2+2k)-(k2-k)(k+1)
=(k+1)[(k2+2k)-(k2-k)]
=(k+1)[k2+2k-k2+k]
=(k+1)[(k2-k2)+(2k+k)]
=(k+1)3k (Đpcm)
Tính tổng của B :B=\(\frac{1}{1\cdot2\cdot3}+\frac{1}{2\cdot3\cdot4}+\frac{1}{3\cdot4\cdot5}+...+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
HD:\(\frac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{k+2}\right)-\frac{1}{k+1}\)
B=1/2.1.2-1/2.2.3+1/2.2.3-1/2.3.4+...+1/2n(n+1)-1/2(n+1)(n+2)
B=1/2[(1/1.2+1/2.3+...+1/n(n+1))-(1/2.3+1/3.4+...+1/(n+1)(n+2))]
Tới đây bạn tự làm tiếp nha, tương tự như bài 1/1.2+1/2.3+..+1/n(n+1) á bạn.Cái này bạn ghi ra bạn sẽ hiểu, mình viết hơi bị lủng củng.
Chứng minh rằng
\(\dfrac{k}{n.\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+k}\left(n;kEN^{\cdot}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+k}=\dfrac{n+k}{n\left(n+k\right)}-\dfrac{n}{n\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{n+k-n}{n\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{k}{n\left(n+k\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{k}{n\cdot\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{n+k-n}{n\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+k}\)(đpcm)
chứng minh các công th
1,\(k\left(k-1\right).C^k_n=n\left(n-1\right).C_{n-2}^{k-2}\)
2,\(\dfrac{1}{A^2_2}+\dfrac{1}{A^2_3}+...........+\dfrac{1}{A^2_n}=1-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
Cho \(\hept{\begin{cases}a_1>a_2>...>a_n>0\\1\le k\in Z\end{cases}}\)
CMR : \(a_1+\frac{1}{a_n\left(a_1-a_2\right)^k\left(a_2-a_3\right)^k...\left(a_{n-1}-a_n\right)^k}\ge\frac{\left(n-1\right)k+2}{\sqrt[\left(n-1\right)k+2]{k^{\left(n-1\right)k}}}\)