a>

\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{100^2}\)=1/4+1/10000

ta có 1/4<1/2(vì 2 đề bài muốn chứng minh tổng đó nhỏ 1 thì chúng ta phải xét xem có bao nhiêu lũy thừa hoặc sht thì ta sẽ lấy 1 : cho số số hạng )

1/100^2<1/2

=>A<1

Ta có :

S= 1/51 +1/52 +..+1/100

Vì 1/51>1/52>...>1/100 

=> S >1/100 * 50 =1/2 (1)

Vì 1/100 <1/99<...<1/51<1/50

=> S < 1/50 * 50=1 (2)

Từ (1),(2) => 1/2 < S<1

P=1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^2018 

2P=1/2 +1/2^2 +...+1/2^2017

=> 2P-P= (1/2 +1/2^2 +...+1/2^2017)-(1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^2018 )

=> P=1/2 -1/2^2018 <1/2 <3/4

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{51}>\frac{1}{100};\frac{1}{52}>\frac{1}{100};...;\frac{1}{100}=\frac{1}{100}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}>\frac{1}{100}.50=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}\)

Ta có \(\frac{1}{51}< \frac{1}{50};\frac{1}{52}< \frac{1}{50};...;\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{50}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{50}.50=1\)

\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)

Đặt A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)

A=\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+\dfrac{1}{4.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{100.100}\)

Ta thấy :

\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...;\)

\(\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)

Nhân xét :

\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}=1-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2.3}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{1}{3.4}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4};\)

\(...;\dfrac{1}{99.100}=\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\)

\(\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{99}{100}\)

Vì \(A< \dfrac{99}{100}< 1\)

\(\Rightarrow A< 1\)

Bài 1)

Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta thấy:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};....;\dfrac{1}{100^2}=\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+....+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A < \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+......+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A < \(1-\dfrac{1}{100}\) < 1 \(\Rightarrow\) A < 1

Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+.....+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)< 1

Bài 1:

\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}=1-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}< 1\left(đpcm\right)\)

Bài 2: bạn xem lại xem có phải \(S=3^0+3+3^2+...+3^{2002}\) không nhé!

Ta có: \(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}>0\) (1)

\(S=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...\)

\(+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}=1-\frac{1}{100}< 1\) (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow0< \frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< 1\)

\(\Rightarrow S\notin N\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\right)\)

Đặt \(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\)

\(A< \dfrac{2-1}{1.2}+\dfrac{3-2}{2.3}+\dfrac{4-3}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{50-49}{49.50}\)

\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+..+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\)

\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{50}\Rightarrow A< 1\)

Ta có \(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+A\right)\)

Ta có

\(A< 1\Rightarrow1+A< 2\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{2^2}.2=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3};...;\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{99.100}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{100^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}\)

Mà \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{99.100}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}=1-\frac{1}{100}< 1\)

=> A không phải là số tự nhiên

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Nguyen svtkvtm Khôi Bùi Nguyễn Việt Lâm Lê Anh Duy Nguyễn Thành Trương DƯƠNG PHAN KHÁNH DƯƠNG An Võ (leo) Ribi Nkok Ngok Bonking ...