\(CMR\):
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\ge2\left(a+b+c+d\right)\)
Những câu hỏi liên quan
6. Bất đẳng thức
Bài 9: Cho a, b, c, d, e in R. Chứng minh các bất đẳng thức sau:
a. a^2+b^2+c^2ge ab+bc+ca
b. a^2+b^2+1ge ab+a+b
c. a^2+b^2+c^2+3ge2left(a+b+cright)
d. a^2+b^2+c^2ge2left(ab+bc-caright)
e. a^4+b^4+c^2+1ge2aleft(ab^2-a+c+1right)
f. frac{a^2}{4}+b^2+c^2ge ab-ac+2bc
g. a^2left(1+b^2right)+b^2left(1+c^2right)+c^2left(1+a^2right)ge6abc
h. a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2ge aleft(b+c+d+eright)
i. frac{1}{a}+frac{1}{b}+frac{1}{c}gefrac{1}{sqrt{ab}}+frac{1}{sqrt{bc}}+frac{1}{sqrt{ca}} với...
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6. Bất đẳng thức
Bài 9: Cho a, b, c, d, e \(\in\) R. Chứng minh các bất đẳng thức sau:
a. \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
b. \(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
c. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
d. \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2\left(ab+bc-ca\right)\)
e. \(a^4+b^4+c^2+1\ge2a\left(ab^2-a+c+1\right)\)
f. \(\frac{a^2}{4}+b^2+c^2\ge ab-ac+2bc\)
g. \(a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\ge6abc\)
h. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\)
i. \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\) với a, b, c >0
k. \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\) với a, b, c \(\ge\)0
a.
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
(luôn đúng)
b. Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab,a^2+1\ge2a,b^2+1\ge2b\)\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+1\right)\ge2\left(ab+a+b\right)\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
c. Tương tự câu b
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có
i. \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}},\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{bc}},\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ca}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{ca}}\)
k. Tương tự câu i
CM CÁC BẤT ĐẲNG THỨC SAU
A) \(2\left(A^2+B^2\right)\ge\left(A+B\right)^2\ge2\left(AB+BA\right)\)
B) \(3\left(A^2+B^2+C^2\right)\ge\left(A+B+C\right)^2\ge3\left(AB+BC+CA\right)\)
A)
\(2\left(A^2+B^2\right)\ge\left(A+B\right)^2\ge2\left(AB+BA\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow2A^2+2B^2\ge A^2+2AB+B^2\ge2AB+2BA\)
\(2A^2+2B^2\ge A^2+2AB+B^2\\ \Leftrightarrow A^2+B^2\ge2AB\\ \Leftrightarrow A^2+B^2-2AB\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(A-B\right)^2\ge0\) (LUÔN ĐÚNG) (1)
\(A^2+2AB+B^2\ge2AB+2BA\\ \Leftrightarrow A^2+B^2\ge2BA\\ \Leftrightarrow A^2+B^2-2BA\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(A-B\right)^2\ge0\) (LUÔN ĐÚNG) (2) Từ (1), (2) ta có: \(2A^2+2B^2\ge A^2+2AB+B^2\ge2AB+2BA\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(A^2+B^2\right)\ge\left(A+B\right)^2\ge2\left(AB+BA\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
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Bài 1:Cho a,b,c,d là các số dương. Chứng minh rằng :frac{a^4}{left(a+bright)left(a^2+b^2right)}+frac{b^4}{left(b+cright)left(b^2+c^2right)}+frac{c^4}{left(c+dright)left(c^2+d^2right)}+frac{d^4}{left(d+aright)left(d^2+a^2right)}gefrac{a+b+c+d}{4}Bài 2:Cho a0,b0,c0.CM:frac{a}{bc}+frac{b}{ca}+frac{c}{ab}ge2left(frac{1}{a}+frac{1}{b}+frac{1}{c}right)Bài 3: a) Cho x,y,0. CMR:frac{x^3}{x^2+xy+y^2}gefrac{2x-y}{3}b) Chứng minh rằngSigmafrac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}gefrac{a+b+c}{3}
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Bài 1:Cho a,b,c,d là các số dương. Chứng minh rằng :
\(\frac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}+\frac{b^4}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\frac{c^4}{\left(c+d\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)}+\frac{d^4}{\left(d+a\right)\left(d^2+a^2\right)}\ge\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)
Bài 2:Cho \(a>0,b>0,c>0\).\(CM:\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Bài 3: a) Cho x,y,>0. CMR:\(\frac{x^3}{x^2+xy+y^2}\ge\frac{2x-y}{3}\)
b) Chứng minh rằng\(\Sigma\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
Xét \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}-\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)
Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}-\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\); \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}-\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}=c-a\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\left(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)\(=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)
Ta đi chứng minh BĐT phụ sau: \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*
\(\Rightarrow2LHS=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\)\(\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{1}{3}\text{}\Sigma_{cyc}\left[\left(a+b\right)\right]=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}=RHS\)(Q.E.D)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
P/S: Có thể dùng BĐT phụ ở câu 3a để chứng minhxD:
1) ta chứng minh được \(\Sigma\frac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=\Sigma\frac{b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\frac{a^4+b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{8}\Sigma\left(a+b\right)=\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)
bài 2 xem có ghi nhầm ko
3a biến đổi tí là xong
b tuong tự bài 1
Xem thêm câu trả lời
CM CÁC BẤT ĐẲNG THỨC SAU
A) \(2\left(A^2+B^2\right)\ge\left(A+B\right)^2\ge2\left(AB+BA\right)\)
B) \(3\left(A^2+B^2+C^2\right)\ge\left(A+B+C\right)^2\ge3\left(AB+BC+CA\right)\)
Chứng minh bất đẳng thức
\(1,\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)
\(2,a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(3,\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(4,\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{ab}\left(a,b>0\right)\)
\(5, 3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
1)Áp dụng Bđt Am-Gm \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}=2\)
2)Áp dụng Am-Gm \(a^2+b^2\ge2\sqrt{a^2b^2}=2ab;b^2+c^2\ge2bc;a^2+c^2\ge2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
=>ĐPcm
3)(a+b+c)2\(\ge\)3(ab+bc+ca)
=>a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca\(\ge\)3ab+3bc+3ca
=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca\(\ge\)0
=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca\(\ge\)0
=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(c2-2ac+a2)\(\ge\)0
=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge\)0
4)đề đúng \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
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Cho a,b,c0CMR :frac{a^4}{bleft(b+cright)}+frac{b^4}{cleft(c+aright)}+frac{c^4}{aleft(a+bright)}gefrac{1}{2}left(ab+bc+caright)Áp dụng bđt Svac-xo ta có :VTgefrac{left(a^2+b^2+c^2right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}gefrac{left(a^2+b^2+c^2right)^2}{2left(a^2+b^2+c^2right)}frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}gefrac{ab+bc+ca}{2}Dấu - xảy ra abc
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Cho \(a,b,c>0\)
CMR :\(\frac{a^4}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b^4}{c\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{c^4}{a\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Svac-xo ta có :
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{2}\ge\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}\)
Dấu "-" xảy ra \(< =>a=b=c\)
We Have \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2or\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\ge a+b+c.\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
cho a,b,c là số thực dương. Cmr:
1.\(\dfrac{a}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\dfrac{b}{c^2+ca+a^2}+\dfrac{c}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{ab+bc+ca}\)
2.\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{b}{\left(c+a\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\right)\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\)
Bài 1
\(VT=\dfrac{a^2}{ab^2+abc+ac^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2b+abc+a^2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2c+abc+b^2c}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc+ac\left(a+c\right)+abc+bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)+ac\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{ab+bc+ac}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
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Bài 2
\(VT=\left(\sqrt{a^2}+\sqrt{b^2}+\sqrt{c^2}\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{c+a}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{c}}{a+b}\right)^2\right]\)
Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki ta có
\(VT\ge\left(\sqrt{a}.\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{b+c}+\sqrt{b}.\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{c+a}+\sqrt{c}.\dfrac{\sqrt{c}}{a+b}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\)
Xét \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng phân thức ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ca+bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{9}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
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Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si: a^2+b^2ge2abb^2+c^2ge2bcc^2+a^2ge2caRightarrow2left(a^2+b^2+c^2right)ge2left(ab+bc+caright)Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2ge ab+bc+caRightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2left(ab+bc+caright)ge3left(ab+bc+caright)Rightarrowleft(a+b+cright)^2ge3left(ab+bc+caright)
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Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(b^2+c^2\ge2bc\)
\(c^2+a^2\ge2ca\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Other way:\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\ge3ab+3bc+3ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
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