a) \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{V_{\left(\text{đ}ktc\right)}}{22,4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{O_2}=2n_{CH_4}=2.0,4=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2O}=n.M=0,8.18=14,4\left(g\right)\)

c) \(V_{O_2\left(\text{đ}ktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,8.22,4=17,92\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4.4}{44}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}CO_2+2H_2O\)

\(0.1.......0.2........0.1..........0.2\)

\(m_{CH_4}=0.1\cdot16=1.6\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2O}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.2\cdot22.4=22.4\left(l\right)\)

Bài 1: Đốt cháy 4,48 lít CH4(đktc) trong O2 thu được CO2 và H2O

a)Tính mH2O thu được

b)Tính VO2(đktc) cần dùng

c)Tính mCO2 thu được (định luật bảo toàn khối lượng)

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nCH4=4,48/22,4=0,2(mol)

a) PTHH: CH4 + 2 O2 -to-> CO2 + 2 H2O

0,2________0,4______0,2_____0,4(mol)

mH2O=0,4.18=7,2(g)

b) V(O2,đktc)=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)

c) Theo ĐLBTKL:

mCH4+ mO2= mCO2+ mH2O

<=> 0,2.16 + 0,4.32= mCO2 + 7,2

<=> mCO2=8,8(g)

Bài 2:

a) nP2O5= 71/142=0,5(mol)

PTHH: 4 P + 5 O2 -to-> 2 P2O5

Ta có: nO2= 5/2. nP2O5= 5/2. 0,5= 1,25(mol)

=> V(O2,đktc)=1,25.22,4=28(l)

b) Theo ĐLBTK, ta có:

mP + mO2= mP2O5

<=> mP + 1,25. 32= 71

<=> mP= 31(g)

\(a,Đặt:n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right);n_{C_4H_{10}}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\\ 2C_4H_{10}+13O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)8CO_2+10H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}16a+58b=7,4\\22,4a+22,4.4b=22\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6\left(g\right)\\m_{C_4H_{10}}=0,1.58=5,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,n_{O_2}=2a+\dfrac{13}{2}b=2.0,1+6,5.0,1=0,85\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,85.22,4=19,04\left(l\right)\)

\(A.4P+5O_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}2P_2O_5\\ B.n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1mol\\ 4P+5O_2\rightarrow2P_2O_5\)

0,1       0,125      0,05

\(V_{O_2}=0,125.24,79=3,09875l\\ C.m_{P_2O_5}=0,05.142=7,1g\)

a.\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{V_{CH_4}}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)

\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)

0,3       0,6                                          ( mol )

\(V_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.22,4=0,6.22,4=13,44l\)

b.

\(n_P=\dfrac{m_P}{M_P}=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1mol\)

\(4P+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2P_2O_5\)

0,1                         0,05    ( mol )

\(m_{P_2O_5}=n_{P_2O_5}.M_{P_2O_5}=0,05.142=7,1g\)

a, PT: \(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=3n_{C_2H_4}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,75.2,24=16,8\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=16,8.5=84\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=2n_{C_2H_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=m_{CaCO_3}=0,5.100=50\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,5.74=37\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{37.100}{2}=1850\left(g\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
               0,2    0,4                  0,4 
\(V_{O_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ m_{H_2O}=0,4.18=7,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0.8}{16}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)

\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CO_2+2H_2O\)

\(0.05.......0.1..................0.1\)

\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.1\cdot22.4=11.2\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{H_2O}=0.1\cdot18=1.8\left(g\right)\)