2KMnO4-to>K2MnO4+MnO2+O2

0,1-------------------------------------0,05

n KMNO4=\(\dfrac{15,8}{158}\)=0,1 mol

=>VO2=0,05.22,4-1,12l

a) 

\(2KMnO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\) (1)

\(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\) (2)

\(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{0,894}{74,5}=0,012\left(mol\right);m_B=\dfrac{0,894}{8,132\%}=11\left(g\right)\)

Gọi \(n_{O_2\left(sinh.ra\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{kk}=3a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{N_2}=3a.80\%=2,4a\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=a+\left(3a-2,4a\right)=1,6a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_C=\dfrac{0,528}{12}=0,044\left(mol\right)\)

\(C+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2\) (3)

Vì hỗn hợp D gồm 3 khí và O₂ chiếm 17,083%

\(\Rightarrow D:CO_2,O_{2\left(d\text{ư}\right)},N_2\)

BTNT C: \(n_{CO_2}=n_C=0,044\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT O: \(n_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=n_{O_2\left(b\text{đ}\right)}-n_{CO_2}=1,6a-0,044\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%V_{O_2}=\%n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,6a-0,044}{1,6a-0,044+0,044+2,4a}.100\%=17,083\%\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=0,048\left(mol\right)\left(TM\right)\)

ĐLBTKL: \(m_A=m_B+m_{O_2}=11+0,048.32=12,536\left(g\right)\)

Theo PT (2): \(n_{KClO_3}=n_{KCl}=0,012\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{0,012.122,5}{12,536}.100\%=11,63\%\\\%m_{KMnO_4}=100\%-11,63\%=88,37\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo PT (2): \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4\left(p\text{ư}\right)}+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{KClO_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=2.\left(0,048-\dfrac{3}{2}.0,012\right)=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{KMnO_4\left(b\text{đ}\right)}=\dfrac{12,536-0,012.122,5}{158}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{KMnO_4\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,07-0,06=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{KCl}=\dfrac{74,5}{74,5}+0,012=1,012\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT (1): \(n_{K_2MnO_4}=n_{MnO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{KMnO_4\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 

\(2KMnO_4+10KCl+8H_2SO_4\rightarrow6K_2SO_4+2MnSO_4+5Cl_2+8H_2O\) (4)

\(K_2MnO_4+4KCl+4H_2SO_4\rightarrow3K_2SO_4+MnSO_4+2Cl_2+4H_2O\) (5)

\(MnO_2+2KCl+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow MnSO_4+K_2SO_4+Cl_2+2H_2O\) (6)

\(2KCl+H_2SO_4\xrightarrow[]{t^o}K_2SO_4+2HCl\) (7)

Theo PT (4), (5), (6): \(n_{KCl\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=5n_{KMnO_4\left(d\text{ư}\right)}+4n_{K_2MnO_4}+2n_{MnO_2}=0,23\left(mol\right)< 1,012\left(mol\right)=n_{KCl\left(b\text{đ}\right)}\)

`=> KCl` dư

Theo PT (4), (5), (6): \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{KCl\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=0,115\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kh\text{í}}=V_{Cl_2}=0,115.22,4=2,576\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1,728}{27}=0,064\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

____0,064->0,048

=> m_O2 = 0,048.32 = 1,536 (g)

\(m_B=\dfrac{0,894.100}{8,127}=11\left(g\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL: m_A = m_B + m_O2

=> m_A = 11 + 1,536 = 12,536 (g)

\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{31,6}{158}=0,2\left(MOL\right);n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ 2KMnO_4\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\left(1\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2\left(cần.\left(2\right)\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,4=0,3\left(mol\right)>0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Vậy thể tích khí oxy thu được không đủ đốt cháy 10,8 gam Al

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2KMnO₄ --t^o--> K₂MnO₄ + MnO₂ + O₂

               0,6<------------------------------0,3

=> m_KMnO4 = 0,6.158 = 94,8 (g)

PTHH: 2KClO₃ --t^o--> 2KCl + 3O₂

               0,2<----------------0,3

=> m_KClO3 = 0,2.122,5 = 24,5 (g)

\(n_{KMnO_4} = \dfrac{40.(100\%-21\%)}{158} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{KMnO_4\ pư} = 0,2.80\% = 0,16(mol)\\ 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4\ pư} = 0,08(mol)\\ m_{O_2} = 0,08.32 = 2,56(gam)\)

bn ơi cho mình hỏi 80% K2MnO4 của riêng hc hay là all sản phẩm?

để tính ta phải có 2TH bạn!