b) Ta có: \(a^2+b^2\)

\(=\left(a-b\right)^2+2ab\)

\(=3^2+2\cdot\left(-2\right)=9-4=5\)

c) Ta có: \(a^3-b^3\)

\(=\left(a-b\right)^3-3ab\left(a-b\right)\)

\(=3^3-3\cdot\left(-2\right)\cdot3\)

\(=27+18=45\)

cho mình hỏi yêu cầu đề bài là gì vậy?

1.

\(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{\left(a+2b\right)^2+\left(b+2c\right)^2+\left(c+2a\right)^2}{\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(b-2c\right)^2+\left(c-2a\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2+4b^2+4ab+b^2+4c^2+4bc+c^2+4a^2+4ca}{a^2+4b^2-4ab+b^2+4c^2-4bc+c^2+4a^2-4ca}\)

\(=\dfrac{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{5\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{-10\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-4\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-6}{-14}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)

b.

\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-3abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab+2bc+3ca}{3a^2+4b^2+5c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+2a^2+3a^2}{3a^2+4a^2+5a^2}=\dfrac{6}{12}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{P}{x+2}=\dfrac{x^2+5x+6}{x^2+4x+4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{P}{x+2}=\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}=\dfrac{x+3}{x+2}\)

hay P=x+3

b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{P}=\dfrac{a+1}{a-1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(a+1\right)\left(a-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=a^2-1\)

c) a3 – b3 + 2b – 2a = (a – b)(a2 + ab + b2) – 2(a – b)

=(a – b)( a2 + ab + b2 – 2)

`a)a(2+b)+b(a+2)`

`=2a+ab+ab+2b`

`=2(a+b)+2ab`

`=2.10+2.(-36)`

`=20-72=-52`

`b)a^2+b^2`

`=(a+b)^2-2ab`

`=10^2-2.(-36)`

`=100+72=172`

`c)a^3+b^3`

`=(a+b)(a^2-ab+b^2)`

`=10[(a+b)^2-3ab]`

`=10[10^2-3.(-36)]`

`=10(100+108)`

`=10.208=2080`

a, \(=>2a+ab+ab+2b=2\left(a+b+ab\right)=2\left(10-36\right)=-52\)

b, \(a^2+b^2=a^2+2ab+b^2-2ab=\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=\left(10\right)^2-2\left(-36\right)=172\)

c, \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)=10\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-3ab\right]\)

\(=10\left[10^2-3\left(-36\right)\right]=2080\)

\(a\left(2+b\right)+b\left(a+2\right)=2ab+2\left(a+b\right)=2.\left(-36\right)+2.10=-52\)

\(a^2+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=172\)

\(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=2080\)

Với ab = 6, a + b = –5, ta được:

a3 + b3 = (a + b)3 – 3ab(a + b) = (–5)3 – 3.6.(–5) = –53 + 3.6.5 = –125 + 90 = –35

Đặt \(P=\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2+ab}+\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2+bc}+\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2+ca}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^3}{a^2+b^2+ab}=a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+b^2+ab}\ge a-\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3\sqrt[3]{a^3b^3}}=a-\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{2a-b}{3}\)

Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b^3}{b^2+c^2+bc}\ge\dfrac{2b-c}{3}\) ; \(\dfrac{c^3}{c^2+a^2+ca}\ge\dfrac{2c-a}{3}\)

Cộng vế:

\(P\ge\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}=673\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=673\)

a) Rút gọn M = 279. Với m = 2017 giá trị của M = 279.

b) N = 8 a 3   -   27 b 3   =   ( 2 a ) 3   -   ( 3 b ) 3 = ( 2 a   -   3 b ) 3  + 3.2a.3b.(2a - 3b)

Thay a.b = 12;2a - 3b = 5 ta thu được N - 1205.

c) Cách 1: Từ a + b = 1 Þ a = 1 - b thế vào K.

Thực hiện rút gọn K, ta có kết quả K = 1.

Cách 2: Tìm cách đưa biêu thức về dạng a + b.

a 3   +   b 3   =   ( a   +   b ) 3  – 3ab(a + b) = 1 - 3ab;

6 a 2 b 2 (a + b) = 6 a 2 b 2  kết hợp với 3ab( a 2 + b 2 ) bằng cách đặt 3ab làm nhân tử chung ta được 3ab( a 2  + 2ab + b 2 ) = 3ab.

Thực hiện rút gọn K = 1.