1 he left school because his life was hard

2 it was so dark that i couldn't see anything

3 because my brother was busy ,he couldn't meet you

4 she was sick so she went to bed early

5 she can't work hard because she is very old

6 because tom is sick he can't go to school today

7 if you study harder you will go into another class

8 the air in the countryside is fresh so people like to live there

Có thể chia đôi hoặc chia ba ....

1. Be quiet or you will not understand the lesson.

→ If you are not quiet, you will not understand the lesson.

2. Study harder and you will not fail the coming exam.

→ If you study harder, you will not fail the coming exam.

3. Work harder or you won’t get high salary.

→ If you don't work harder, you won’t get high salary.

4. Practice speaking English every day or you can’t improve your English.

→ If you practice speaking English every day, you can’t improve your English

5. The children like to walk in the rain.

→ The children enjoy walking in the rain.

→ The children are interested in walking in the rain.

6. I think surfing the Net is useful.

→ I find it useful to surf the Net.

7. I don’t think she broke the vase accidentally.

→ I think she didn't break the vase accidentally.

8. Watching TV consumes a lot of time.

→ Watching TV is a time-consuming activity.

9. Can’t you control the child?

→ You can't cotrol the child, can you?

10. “I don’t know anything about it,” he said.

→ He denied knowing anything about it.

11. Did they understand the problem?

→ They hardly understood the problem, did they?

12. He forced me to put my hands up and quickly searched through my pockets.

→ I was forced to put my hands up and quickly searched through my pockets.

13. “Don’t forget to phone the office,” she told him.

→ She reminded him to phone the office.

14. Mary will watch the film in three hours.

→ It will take Mary three hours to watch the film.

15. The children are excited about going to the circus.

→ The children are looking forward to going to the circus.

16. He is interested in reading detective books.

→ He enjoys reading detective books.

17. Do you find it difficult to speak English?

→ Do you have any difficulty speaking English?

18. My father needs 15 minutes to read “Tuoi Tre” newspaper every morning.

→ My father spends 15 minutes on reading “Tuoi Tre” newspaper every morning.

19. The floor was cleaned by Loan

→ Loan cleaned the floor.

20. The Browns last painted the living-room two years ago.

→ The Browns have painted the living room for 2 years.

1. She enjoys doing volunteer work. (INTERESTING)

-> She finds………doing volunteer work interesting…………………………………………

2. Because he was tired, he went to bed early. (SO)

-> He was……tired, so he went to bed early …………………………………………………………………...
3. Hoa didn’t go to school yesterday. She had a headache. (BECAUSE)
->………Hoa didn’t go to school yesterday because she had a headache.……………………………………………………………………….

4.My favourite hobby is cooking. (LOVE)

-> I …love cooking……………………………………………………………………..

1. Because Mai was sick, she couldn't go to school.

2. He hasn’t met his brother for 5 years.

3. Mary finished her homework so she went out.

4. She enjoys doing morning exercise.

5. Nam is the tallest in his class.

6. What is the date of your birth ?

7. He takes care of the sick people.

8. It's about 1 km from my house to my school.

9. With => from

10. Why don't we go to the movies ?

III. REWRITE

4. The air in the country is polluted, but people like to live there.

-> Though the air in the country is polluted, people like to live there.

6. If you passed the exam, your parents would be very happy.

-> Because you don't pass the exam, your parents are not happy.

9. The movie was so funny that we couldn't stop laughing.

-> It was such a funny movie that we couldn't stop laughing.

10. No one could move the piano. It was very heavy.

-> The piano was too heavy for anyone to move.

The piano was too heavy to be moved.

IV. Clauses of Reason: Because, Because of, As a result of, As a consequence

11. Peter didn't go to school yesterday because he was sick.

-> Because of his sickness, Peter didn't go to school yesterday.

Because of the fact that Peter was sickness, he didn't go to school yesterday.

Because of being sick, Peter didn't go to school yesterday.

12. Mary went to bed early because she felt tired.

-> Because of feeling tired, Mary went to bed early.

Because of her tiredness, Mary went to bed early.

Because of the fact that Mary felt tired, she went to bed early.

13. She didn't go to the circus with Betty because she had a cold.

-> Because of having a cold, she didn't go to the circus with Betty.

Because of the fact that she had a cold, she didn't go to the circus with Betty.

14. Iohn succeeded in his exam because he worked hard.

-> Because of working hard, Iohn succeeded in his exam.

Because of the fact that John worked hard, he succeeded in his exam.

15. She stayed at home because her mother was sick.

-> Because of her mother's sickness, she stayed at home.

Because of the fact that her mother was sick, she stayed at home.

16. I like him because his father is kind to me.

-> Because of his father's kindness, I like him.

Because of the fact that his father is kind to me, I like him.

17. I couldn't do the test because it was difficult.

-> Because of its difficulty, I couldn't do the test.

Because of the fact that the test was difficult, I couldn't do the it.

VII. Hoàn thành những câu sau sử dụng cụm từ hay mệnh đề chỉ mục đích.

1. He climbed the tree in order to/so as to get a better view.

2. You should get up early so that/in order that you will have time to review your lesson.

3. Some young people like to earn their own living so that/in order that they will be independent of their parents.

4. We should do morning exercise regularly in order to/so as to improve our health.

Fill in the blank space in each sentence with and, but, so, or, because, therefore, however.
1. I haven’t got a car ……but……I’ve got a motorbike.
2. They went to town ……and………bought a lot of clothes.
3. Study harder ……or………you will fail the coming exam.
4. Would you like some water ……or…………some fruit juice?
5. Polly’s watch was broken …so…………she borrowed mine.
6. The air is polluted ……because………there’s too much traffic.
7. She isn’t English. ……but………, she speaks English perfectly.
8. The water in the river is polluted, ………so………we can’t go swimming.

9. Melissa tried to read the book ………but……she couldn’t understand it.
10. She’s working late next Friday ………so……she can’t come to the party.
11. The road was under water. ……so……the police closed it to traffic.
12. Someone switched the freezer off. ……so………all the food was spoilt.
13. My family went to Africa ………because……we wanted to study the wild animals.
14. I was hungry ……but………didn’t eat on the plane. The food didn’t look appetizing.
15. We wanted to go to the beach; ………but………, it started to rain ……so………we stayed at home.

Bai 1 Rewrite the following sentences as direction

1. Lan went to bed early because she was tired after the trip

-> .....lan was tired after the trip....so she went to bed early ....

2. He said " I will go to Da Lat tomorrow "

-> He....said he would go to Da Lat the next day ...

3. Mrs Lan asked him " How do you go to school"

-> Mrs Lan.....asked him how he went to school ...

4. We can't go out because of the heavy rain

-> We wish....it didn't rain heavily..

5. We will wait until you will finish your work (Find and correct the mistakes)

-> ........

Bai 2 Give the correct form of the verbs

6. They (arrive)were arriving in Ha Long Bay at 2 p.m yesterday

7. I wish it (not rain)wouldn't rain tomorrow

8. Nam (live)has lived here since he was a small boy

9. The room (clean)is cleaned every day

10. It was a terrible film. I wish we (not go)hadn't gone to see it

Bai 2 Give the correct form of the verbs

6. They (arrive) were arriving in Ha Long Bay at 2 p.m yesterday.

7. I wish it (not rain) wouldn't rain tomorrow.

8. Nam (live) has lived here since he was a small boy.

9. The room (clean) is cleaned every day.

10. It was a terrible film. I wish we (not go) hadn't gone to see it.

Bai 1 Rewrite the following sentences as direction

1. Lan went to bed early because she was tired after the trip

-> Lan was tired after the trip, so she went to bed early.

2. He said " I will go to Da Lat tomorrow "

-> He said that he would go to Da Lat the next day.

3. Mrs Lan asked him " How do you go to school?"

-> Mrs Lan asked him how he went to school.

4. We can't go out because of the heavy rain

-> We wish it didn't rain heavy.

5. We will wait until you will finish your work (Find and correct the mistakes)

-> finish

Change clauses of reas on to phrases: 1. Mary didn't go to school yesterday because she was sick. ..Because of Mary's sickness , she didn't go to school yesterday ...

2. She went to bed early because she felt tired. ..She went to bed early because of feeling tired ...

3.Ann didn't go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold ...Ann didn't go to the circus with Betty because of having a bad cold ..

4. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard and methodically. ..John succeeded in his exam because of his hard and methodically work..

5. Margaret stayed home because her mother was sick. ..Margaret stayed home because of her mother 's sickness....

6. I like him because his father is kind to me. .... I like him because of his father 's kindness.

7. I can't eat these fruits because they are green. ...I can't eat these fruits because of being green..

8. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult. .I couldn’t do the test because of its dificulty...

9. I couldn’t read the letter because it was dark. .. I couldn’t read the letter because of the darkness.

10. He came late because it rained heavily .... He came late because of the heavy rain...

Change clauses of reas on to phrases:

1. Mary didn't go to school yesterday because she was sick.

=> Mary didn't go to school yesterday because of her sickness

2. She went to bed early because she felt tired.

=> She went to bed early because of her tiredness

3.Ann didn't go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold

=> Ann didn't go to the circus with Betty because of her bad cold

4. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard and methodically.

=> John succeeded in his exam because of working hard and methodically.

5. Margaret stayed home because her mother was sick.

=> Margaret stayed home because of her mother’s sickness

6. I like him because his father is kind to me.

=> Because of the kind of his father, I like him.

7. I can't eat these fruits because they are green.

=> Because of green fruits, I can't eat them.

8. I couldn’t do the test because it was difficult.

=> Because of its difficulty, I couldn't do the test .

9. I couldn’t read the letter because it was dark.

=> Because of the darkness , I couldn’t read the letter .

10. He came late because it rained heavily

=> Because of the heavy rain, He came late .