a: =>x-1+11 chia hết cho x-1

=>\(x-1\in\left\{1;-1;11;-11\right\}\)

=>\(x\in\left\{2;0;12;-10\right\}\)

b: =>2n+6+9 chia hết cho n+3

=>\(n+3\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9\right\}\)

=>\(n\in\left\{-2;-4;0;-6;6;-12\right\}\)

\(A=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(8y^2+\dfrac{1}{2}z^2\right)+\left(8x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}z^2\right)\ge2.2\sqrt{x^2y^2}+2\sqrt{8x^2.\dfrac{1}{2}z^2}+2.\sqrt{8x^2.\dfrac{1}{2}z^2}=4\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=4\)

\(A_{min}=4\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)

+) \(P=\sqrt{7x+9}+\sqrt{7y+9}+\sqrt{7z+9}\)

\(P^2\le3\left(7x+7y+7z+27\right)=102\)
\(P\le\sqrt{102}\)

\(MaxP=102\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

+) \(x,y,z\in[0;1]\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge x^2\\y\ge y^2\\z\ge z^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P\ge\sqrt{x^2+6x+9}+\sqrt{y^2+6y+9}+\sqrt{z^2+6z+9}\)

\(=x+y+z+9=10\)

\(MinP=10\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\text{và các hoán vị}\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y;z\ge0\\x+y+z=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow0\le x;y;z\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\le x\\y^2\le y\\z^2\le z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2+x+1\le x^2+2x+1\\2y^2+y+1\le y^2+2y+1\\2z^2+z+1\le z^2+2z+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(y+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(z+1\right)^2}=x+y+z+3=4\)

\(P_{max}=4\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị