`MgCO_3+2HCl->MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O`

`Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2`

`FeCO_3+2HCl->FeCl_2+CO_2+H_2O`

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}\\y\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}\end{cases}}\)

\(\rightarrow2x+44y=4,8\left(1\right)\)

Có \(\overline{M}_B=8.M_{H_2}=16\)

\(\rightarrow n_B=x+y=0,2mol\) và \(y=0,1mol\)

Theo phương trình \(n_{H_2O}=n_{CO_2}=0,1mol\)

BT H \(\text{∑}n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2O}+2n_{H_2}=0,6mol\)

BT khối lượng \(m_A+m_{HCl}=m_{\text{muối}}+m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}+m_{H_2}\)

\(\rightarrow m+0,6.36,5=4,8+0,1.18+40,9\)

\(\rightarrow m=25,6g\)

nH2= 0,35(mol)

a) PTHH: Mg +  2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

x_________2x_______x______x(mol)

PTHH: Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

y________2y________y_____y(mol)

Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=13,2\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) m=m(muối khan)= mMgCl2 + mFeCl2= 95.x+127y=95.0,2+127.0,15= 38,05(g)

a)

Gọi 

\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 24b = 13,2(1)\)

\(Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)

Theo PTHH : \(n_{H_2} = a + b = 0,35(mol)\)(2)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,15 ;b = 0,2

Vậy : 

\(\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,15.56}{13,2}.100\% = 63,64\%\\ \Rightarrow m_{Mg} = 100\% - 63,64\% = 36,36\%\)

b)

Ta có :\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,7(mol)\)

Bảo toàn khối lượng :

\(m_{muối} = m_{kim\ loại} + m_{HCl} - m_{H_2} = 13,2 + 0,7.36,5 - 0,35.2=38,05(gam)\)

Sửa đề: đktc → đkc

a, \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: 24n_Mg + 56n_Fe = 13,2 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,6765}{24,79}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=0,35\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2.24}{13,2}.100\%\approx36,36\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx63,64\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ m _{muối khan} = 0,2.95 + 0,15.127 = 38,05 (g)

Câu 1:

Gọi : nMg=a(mol); nMgO=b(mol) (a,b>0)

a) PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2

a________2a_______a______a(mol)

MgO +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O

b_____2b_______b___b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+40b=8,8\\22,4a=4,48\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)

=>%mMg= (4,8/8,8).100=54,545%

=> %mMgO= 45,455%

b) m(muối)=mMg2+ + mCl- = 0,3. 24 + 0,6.35,5=28,5(g)

c) V=VddHCl=(2a+2b)/2=0,3(l)=300(ml)

Câu 2:

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=0,4\cdot2=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH: \(Ca+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

               0,2____0,4_____0,2____0,2   (mol)

           \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)

                0,2____0,4______0,2____0,2  (mol)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{0,2\cdot40+0,2\cdot56}\cdot100\%\approx41,67\%\\\%m_{CaO}=58,33\%\\m_{CaCl_2}=\left(0,2+0,2\right)\cdot111=44,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

$n_{HCl} = 0,8.0,5 = 0,4(mol) ; n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,6(mol) ;n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)$

$n_{H(trong\ axit)} = 0,4 + 0,6.2 = 1,6(mol)$

Bảo toàn H : $n_{H_2O} = \dfrac{n_{H(trong\ axit)} - 2n_{H_2} }{2} = 0,6(mol)$
Bảo toàn khối lượng : 

$m = 88,7 + 0,6.18 + 0,2.2 - 0,4.36,5 -  0,6.98 = 26,5(gam)$

Đáp án A

Do tạo H₂ => ion NO₃^- đã chuyển hết thành NO

Đặt x = nKNO₃

Bảo toàn N => nKNO₃ = nNO + nNH₄⁺ => nNH₄⁺ = x – 0,06

nHCl = nH⁺ = 4nNO + 2nH₂ + 10nNH₄⁺ + 2nO => 0,725 = 4.0,06 + 2.0,02 + 10(x – 0,06) + 8a

=> 8a + 10x = 1,045 (1)

m_muối = mMg + mFe + mK⁺ + mNH₄⁺ + mCl^- = 24.5a + 56.3a + 39x + 18(x – 0,06) + 35,5.0,725

= 288a + 57x + 24,6575

Mà m_muối – mX = 26,23 => 288a + 57x + 24,6575 – 24.5a – 232a = 26,23 => –64a + 57x = 1,5725 (2)

(1), (2) a = 0,04 và x = 0,0725 => m_muối = 288a + 57x + 24,6575 = 40,31g

=> %mFe trong muối = 56.3.0,04.100%/40,31 = 16,67%