Tuy bạn không gửi ảnh mạch điện nhưng chủ đề là bài 5: Đoạn mạch song song nên mình coi sơ đồ mđ là // nhé. 

\(a,R_{tđ}=\dfrac{5.10}{5+10}=\dfrac{10}{3}\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(b,I_m=\dfrac{U_m}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{4.5}{\dfrac{10}{3}}=6\left(A\right)\)

\(I_2=I_m-I_1=6-4=2\left(A\right)\)

\(U_2=R_2.I_2=2.10=20\left(V\right)\)

\(c,U_m=U_1=U_2=20\left(V\right)\)

MCD : \(R_1ntR_2\)

a) Điện trở tương đương : \(R_{tđ}=R_1+R_2=5+10=15\left(\Omega\right)\)

b) \(R_1ntR_2\Rightarrow I_1=I_2=I=4A\)

\(\Rightarrow U_2=I_2.R_2=4.10=40\left(V\right)\)

c) Hiệu điện thế ở 2 đầu mạch chính : \(U=I.R_{tđ}=4.15=60V\)

\(MCD:R1nt\left(R2//R3\right)\)

\(=>R=R1+R23=R1+\dfrac{R2\cdot R3}{R2+R3}=18+\dfrac{20\cdot30}{20+30}=30\Omega\)

\(=>I=I1=I23=\dfrac{U}{R}=\dfrac{12}{30}=0,4A\)

Ta có: \(U23=U2=U3=U-U1=12-\left(0,4\cdot18\right)=4,8V\)

\(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}I2=\dfrac{U2}{R2}=\dfrac{4,8}{20}=0,24A\\I3=\dfrac{U3}{R3}=\dfrac{4,8}{30}=0,16A\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(R_{12}=\dfrac{15.30}{15+30}=10\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_m=R_{12}+R_3=10+30=40\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(I_m=\dfrac{U_{AB}}{R_m}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(A\right)\)

\(b,I_{12}=I_3=0,3\left(A\right)\)

\(\dfrac{I_1}{I_2}=\dfrac{R_2}{R_1}=\dfrac{30}{15}=\dfrac{2}{1}\)

\(\rightarrow I_1=0,2\left(A\right);I_2=0,1\left(A\right)\)

a)CTM: \(R_1nt\left(\left(R_2ntR_3\right)//R_4\right)\)

\(R_{23}=R_2+R_3=7+5=12\Omega\)

\(R_{234}=\dfrac{R_{23}\cdot R_4}{R_{23}+R_4}=\dfrac{12\cdot11}{12+11}=\dfrac{132}{23}\Omega\)

\(R_{tđ}=R_1+R_{234}=3+\dfrac{132}{23}=\dfrac{201}{23}\Omega\)

b)\(I_1=I_{234}=I_{AB}=\dfrac{U_{AB}}{R_{AB}}=\dfrac{30}{\dfrac{201}{23}}=\dfrac{230}{67}A\approx3,4A\)

\(U_{23}=U_4=U-U_1=30-I_1\cdot R_1=30-\dfrac{230}{67}\cdot3=\dfrac{1320}{67}V\)

\(I_4=\dfrac{U_4}{R_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1320}{67}}{11}=\dfrac{120}{67}A\approx1,79A\)

\(I_2=I_3=I_{23}=\dfrac{U_{23}}{R_{23}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1320}{67}}{12}=\dfrac{110}{67}A\approx1,64A\)

\(a,R_{23}=R_2+R_3=30+30=60\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_m=\dfrac{R_{23}.R_1}{R_{23}+R_1}=\dfrac{60.15}{60+15}=12\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(b,I_m=\dfrac{U_{AB}}{R_m}=\dfrac{12}{12}=1\left(A\right)\)

\(I_1+I_{23}=1\left(A\right)\)

\(\dfrac{I_1}{I_{23}}=\dfrac{R_{23}}{R_1}=\dfrac{60}{15}=\dfrac{4}{1}\)

\(\rightarrow I_1=0,8\left(A\right);I_{23}=0,2\left(A\right)\)

\(\rightarrow I_2=I_3=0,2\left(A\right)\)

a,\(R1nt\left(R2//R3\right)=>Rtd=R1+\dfrac{R2R3}{R2+R3}=4+\dfrac{6.3}{6+3}=6\left(om\right)\)

b,\(=>I1=I23=\dfrac{Uab}{Rtd}=\dfrac{9}{6}=1,5A\)

\(=>U23=I23.R23=1,5.\dfrac{6.3}{6+3}=3V=U2=U3\)

\(=>I2=\dfrac{U2}{R2}=\dfrac{3}{6}=0,5A,=>I3=\dfrac{U3}{R3}=\dfrac{3}{3}=1A\)

c,\(=>Im=Ix=I23=\dfrac{1}{3}.1,5=0,5A\)

\(=>RTd=Rx+\dfrac{R2.R3}{R2+R3}=Rx+\dfrac{6.3}{6+3}=\dfrac{U}{Im}=\dfrac{9}{0,5}=18\)

\(=>Rx=16\left(om\right)\)