a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow24a+27b=5,1\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+3b=0,5\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot24}{5,1}\cdot100\%\approx47,06\%\\\%m_{Al}=52,94\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot36,5}{7,3\%}=250\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{250}{1,2}\approx208,33\left(ml\right)\)

\(Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=10,2\\x+1,5y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,2.24}{10,2}.100=47,06\%\\ \%m_{Al}=52,94\%\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+3n_{Al}=0,2.2+0,3.2=1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(l\right)\)

\(c,n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Mg}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+24y=10,2(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5(mol)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,5(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10,2}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%_{Mg}=100\%-52,94\%=47,06\%\\ d,\Sigma n_{HCl}=3x+2y=1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5(l)\)

Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 24x + 27y = 7,8 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

BT e, có: 2x + 3y = 0,8 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{7,8}.100\%\approx30,77\%\\\%m_{Al}\approx69,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, BTNT Mg và Al, có:

n_MgCl2 = n_Mg = 0,1 (mol)

 n_AlCl3 = n_Al = 0,2 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.95}{0,1.95+0,2.133,5}.100\%\approx26,24\%\\\%m_{AlCl_3}\approx73,76\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

^{trả lời nhanh cho em ạ}

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,04\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,04.65=2,6\left(g\right)\)

⇒ m_Cu = 9 - 2,6 = 6,4 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{2,6}{9}.100\%\approx28,89\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx71,11\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\Rightarrow 56x+27y=11(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,4(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\%\)

Đáp án cần chọn là: B