Áp dụng ĐLBTKL, ta có:

m(kim loại) + mCl2 = m(muối)

=> mCl2 = 13,5 - 6,4 = 7,1 (g)

nCl2 = 7,1/71 = 0,1 (mol)

PTHH: R + Cl2 -> (t°) RCl2

Mol: 0,1 <--- 0,1

M(R) = 6,4/0,1 = 64 (g/mol)

=> R là Cu

\(X+Cl_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow XCl_2\\ Tacó:n_X=n_{XCl_2}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{6,4}{X}=\dfrac{13,5}{X+35,5.2}\\ \Rightarrow X=64\left(Cu\right)\)

Đáp án C.

1.

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0.672}{22.4}=0.03\left(mol\right)\)

\(X+2HCl\rightarrow XCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.03.........................0.03\)

\(M_X=\dfrac{1.2}{0.03}=40\)

\(X:Ca\)

2. 

\(CT:XCl_2\)

\(XCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow X\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)

\(X+71.........................X+34\)

\(47.5.............................29\)

\(29\cdot\left(X+71\right)=47.5\cdot\left(X+34\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow X=24\)

\(X:Mg\)

3.

\(2Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2CuO+4NO_2+O_2\)

\(0.3..........................................0.15\)

\(n=0.3\)

a) Ta có \(m_{muôi}=m_{KL}+m_{Cl^-}\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Cl^-}=m_{muôi}-m_{KL}=14,25-3,6=10,65g\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cl^-}=\dfrac{10,65}{35,5}=0,3mol\)

_{Theo bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl: \(n_{HCl}=n_{Cl^-}=0,3mol\)}

_{Theo bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,3=0,15mol\\ \Rightarrow V=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36l\)}

Ta có PTHH: \(M+2HCl\rightarrow MCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

----------------0,15-------------------------0,15---(mol)

\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{3,6}{0,15}=24\)(g/mol) => M là Magie (Mg)

b) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2mol\) 

Ta có quá trình phản ứng:

 \(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)

-0,15---0,15-----0,15----------(mol)

\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left(16-0,15\cdot80\right)+64\cdot0,15=13,6g\)

nO2 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1 (mol)

PTHH: 2R + O2 -> (t°) 2RO

nRO = 0,1 . 2 = 0,2 (mol)

M(RO) = 16,2/0,2 = 81 (g/mol)

<=> R + 16 = 81 

<=> R = 65

<=> R là Zn

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)

\(m_{O_2}=n_{O_2}.M_{O_2}=0,1.32=3,2g\)

Vì R hóa trị II nên PTHH là:

\(2R+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2RO\)

  2      1                 2    ( mol )

0,2        0,1

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng, ta có:

\(m_R=16,2-3,2=13g\)

\(M_R=\dfrac{m_R}{n_R}=\dfrac{13}{0,2}=65\) g/mol

\(\Rightarrow R\) là kẽm (Zn)

Bài 1:

\(n_M=\dfrac{16}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2M + O₂ --t^o--> 2MO

         \(\dfrac{16}{M_M}\)---------->\(\dfrac{16}{M_M}\)

=> \(\dfrac{16}{M_M}\left(M_M+16\right)=20\)

=> M_M = 64 (g/mol)

=> M là Cu

Bài 2:

\(n_R=\dfrac{16,2}{M_R}\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2R + 3Cl₂ --t^o--> 2RCl₃

          \(\dfrac{16,2}{M_R}\)------------>\(\dfrac{16,2}{M_R}\)

=> \(\dfrac{16,2}{M_R}\left(M_R+106,5\right)=80,1\)

=> M_R = 27 (g/mol)

=> R là Al

 1 
ADDDLBTKL ta có
\(m_{O_2}=m_{MO}-m_M\\ m_{O_2}=20-16=4g\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{32}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2M+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MO\) 
            0,25   0,125 
\(M_M=\dfrac{16}{0,25}=64\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\) 
=> M là Cu 
2 
ADĐLBTKL ta có 
\(m_{Cl_2}=m_{RCl_3}-m_R\\ m_{Cl_2}=80,1-16,2=63,9g\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{63,9}{71}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2R+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2RCl_3\) 
            0,6   0,9 
\(M_R=\dfrac{16,2}{0,6}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\) 
=> R là Al

\(1 ) 2M+O_2\rightarrow 2MO n_M=n_{MO}\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{16}{M_M}=\dfrac{20}{m_M+16} \Rightarrow m_m = 64(g/mol) \rightarrow M : Cu \)

\(2) 2R+3Cl_2\rightarrow 2RCl_3 n_R=nn_{RCl_3}\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{16,2}{M_R}=\dfrac{80,1}{M_R+35,5.3}\Rightarrow M_R = 27(g/mol)\rightarrow R:Al \)

Đáp án B

Số mol NO là 

 → {n = 2, M = 64)} ⇒ M là Cu