Đáp án C

1.

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}=t\ge1\Rightarrow x^2-4x=t^2-5\)

Pt trở thành:

\(4t=t^2-5+2m-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-4t+2m-6=0\) (1)

Pt đã cho có 4 nghiệm pb khi và chỉ khi (1) có 2 nghiệm pb đều lớn hơn 1

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta'=4-\left(2m-6\right)>0\\\left(t_1-1\right)\left(t_2-1\right)>0\\\dfrac{t_1+t_2}{2}>1\\\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10-2m>0\\t_1t_2-\left(t_1+t_1\right)+1>0\\t_1+t_2>2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m< 5\\2m-6-4+1>0\\4>2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{2}< m< 5\)

2.

Để pt đã cho có 2 nghiệm:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\ne3\\\Delta'=1+4\left(m-3\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\ne3\\m\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi đó:

\(x_1^2+x_2^2=4\Leftrightarrow\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4}{\left(m-3\right)^2}+\dfrac{8}{m-3}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(m-3\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{m-3}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{m-3}=-1-\sqrt{2}\\\dfrac{1}{m-3}=-1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=4-\sqrt{2}< \dfrac{11}{4}\left(loại\right)\\m=4+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3.

Nối AI kéo dài cắt BC tại D thì D là chân đường vuông góc của đỉnh A trên BC

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{DB}{DC}=\dfrac{AB}{AC}=\dfrac{c}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BD}=\dfrac{c}{b}\overrightarrow{DC}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{ID}-\overrightarrow{IB}=\dfrac{c}{b}\left(\overrightarrow{IC}-\overrightarrow{ID}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow b.\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{c}.\overrightarrow{IC}=\left(b+c\right)\overrightarrow{ID}\) (1)

Mặt khác:

\(\dfrac{ID}{IA}=\dfrac{BD}{AB}=\dfrac{CD}{AC}=\dfrac{BD+CD}{AB+AC}=\dfrac{BC}{AB+AC}=\dfrac{a}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)\overrightarrow{ID}=-a.\overrightarrow{IA}\) (2)

(1); (2) \(\Rightarrow a.\overrightarrow{IA}+b.\overrightarrow{IB}+c.\overrightarrow{IC}=\left(b+c\right)\overrightarrow{ID}-\left(b+c\right)\overrightarrow{ID}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

Đặt \(-x^2+2x=t\Rightarrow0\le t\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow-t^2+t-3+m=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-t+3=m\)

Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=t^2-t+3\) trên \(\left[0;1\right]\)

\(-\dfrac{b}{2a}=\dfrac{1}{2}\in\left[0;1\right]\)

\(f\left(0\right)=3\) ; \(f\left(1\right)=3\) ; \(f\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=\dfrac{11}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{11}{4}\le f\left(t\right)\le3\)

\(\Rightarrow\) Pt có nghiệm khi và chỉ khi \(\dfrac{11}{4}\le m\le3\)

\(x-4\sqrt{x+3}+m=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+3-4\sqrt{x+3}-3+m=0\left(1\right)\)

\(đăt:\sqrt{x+3}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t^2-4t-3+m=0\Leftrightarrow f\left(t\right)=t^2-4t-3=-m\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right)-có-2ngo-phân-biệt\Leftrightarrow\left(2\right)có-2ngo-phân-biệt-thỏa:t\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(0\right)=-3\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(t\right)min=\dfrac{-\Delta}{4a}=-7\Leftrightarrow t=2\)

\(\Rightarrow-7< -m\le-3\Leftrightarrow3\le m< 7\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne1;x\ne-2\)\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-m\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=3\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4x-mx-2m+x^2-1=3x^2+3x-6\Leftrightarrow3x^2+4x-mx-2m-3x^2-3x=-6\) \(\Leftrightarrow x-mx=2m-6\Leftrightarrow x\left(1-m\right)=2m-6\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2m-6}{1-m}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) Để pt có nghiệm \(\Leftrightarrow m\ne1\)  Vậy...