II. Choose the correct word A, B, C or D for each gap to complete the following passage:

Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface. They are the Earth's (1) _____________ means of releasing stress.  There are about 20 plates along the surface of the earth that move continuously and slowly past each other. (2) _____________the plates squeeze or stretch, huge rocks form at their edges and the rocks shift with great force, causing an earthquake. Think of it this way: Imagine holding a pencil horizontally. If you were to apply a (3) _____________ to both ends of the pencil by pushing down on them, you would see the pencil bend. After enough force was applied, the pencil would break in the (4) _____________, releasing the stress you have put on it. The Earth's crust acts in the same way. As the plates (5) _____________ they put forces on themselves and each other. When the force is large enough, the crust is forced to break. When the break occurs, the stress is released 

1. A. usual                   B. unnatural               C. good                        D. natural

2. A. When                  B. Unless                    C. If                             D. While

3. A. pressure             B. stress                      C. force                       D. power

4. A. end                     B. middle                    C. right                        D. left

5. A. move                  B. break                      C. roll                          D. run

II. Choose the correct word A, B, C or D for each gap to complete the following passage:

Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface. They are the Earth's (1) _____________ means of releasing stress.  There are about 20 plates along the surface of the earth that move continuously and slowly past each other. (2) _____________the plates squeeze or stretch, huge rocks form at their edges and the rocks shift with great force, causing an earthquake. Think of it this way: Imagine holding a pencil horizontally. If you were to apply a (3) _____________ to both ends of the pencil by pushing down on them, you would see the pencil bend. After enough force was applied, the pencil would break in the (4) _____________, releasing the stress you have put on it. The Earth's crust acts in the same way. As the plates (5) _____________ they put forces on themselves and each other. When the force is large enough, the crust is forced to break. When the break occurs, the stress is released 

1. A. usual                   B. unnatural               C. good                        D. natural

2. A. When                  B. Unless                    C. If                             D. While

3. A. pressure             B. stress                      C. force                       D. power

4. A. end                     B. middle                    C. right                        D. left

5. A. move                  B. break                      C. roll                          D. run

C. READING

I. Choose the correct word A, B, C or D for each gap to complete the following passage.

      More than a billion people all over the world are (1)                the threat of desert expansion, but few of them are aware that they themselves cause it and are also its (2)       . People cut (3)                  trees for fuel and farmland. Their herd eat (4)        the grass covering valley floors and hillsides. The climate and soil quality, therefore, are affected and forests are turned into (5)         .

      In some places, many people had to leave their homes when their wells became dry and sand buried their houses and crops. Therefore, government in nearby areas have had local people (6)    trees and banned burning firewood for fuel. Many techniques have been (7)                      . For example, in Iran, a thin covering of oil was poured on sandy areas to retain (8)                   for planting trees, but this method may harm the environment. Other countries built long canals or pipelines (9)                 water to desert areas.

      Unless people find more (10)                   methods, their homes and land will be lost. The last against the desert is continuing.

1.   A. of                            B. in                             C. on                           D. under

2.   A. victims                    B. enemies                  C. friends                    D. effects

3.   A. off                           B. back                        C. down                      D. in

4.   A. up                           B. away                       C. into                         D. out

5.   A. blanks                     B. deserts                    C. spaces                     D. bareness

6.   A. planting                  B. plant                       C. to plant                  D. planted

7.   A. using                       B. use                          C. used                        D. uses

8.   A. fertilizer                  B. soil                          C. earth                       D. water

9.   A. to carry                   B. take                         C. fetch                       D. bring

10. A. great                       B. effective                  C. major                      D. useful 

I. Choose the correct word A, B, C or D for each gap to complete the following passage.

More than a billion people all over the world are (1) the threat of desert expansion, but few of them are aware that they themselves cause it and are also its (2) . People cut (3) trees for fuel and farmland. Their herd eat (4) the grass covering valley floors and hillsides. The climate and soil quality, therefore, are affected and forests are turned into (5) .

In some places, many people had to leave their homes when their wells became dry and sand buried their houses and crops. Therefore, government in nearby areas have had local people (6) trees and banned burning firewood for fuel. Many techniques have been (7) . For example, in Iran, a thin covering of oil was poured on sandy areas to retain (8) for planting trees, but this method may harm the environment. Other countries built long canals or pipelines (9) water to desert areas.

Unless people find more (10) methods, their homes and land will be lost. The last against the desert is continuing.

1. A. of             B. in                   C. on                  D. under

2. A. victims              B. enemies          C. friends           D. effects

3. A. off             B. back             C. down           D. in

4. A. up              B. away            C. into                D. out

5. A. blanks                B. deserts           C. spaces         D. bareness

6. A. planting          B. plant           C. to plant           D. planted

7. A. using                B. use           C. used             D. uses

8. A. fertilizer              B. soil                C. earth         D. water

9. A. to carry       B. take            C. fetch D. bring

10. A. great           B. effective                C. major            D. useful 

 Choose the correct word A, B, C or D for each gap to complete the following passage.

   More than a billion people all over the world are (1) ………….. the threat of desert expansion, but few of them are aware that they themselves cause it and are also its (2) ……………. People cut (3) ……………. Trees for fuel and farmland. Their herds eat (4) ………… the grass covering valley floors and hillsides. The climate and soil quality, therefore, are affected and forests are turned into (5) ……….

  In some places, many people had to leave their homes when their wells became dry and sand buried their house and crops. Therefore, governments in nearby areas  have and local people (6) ………….. trees and banned burning firewood for fuel. Many other techniques have been (7) ………… For example, in Iran, a thin covering of oil was poured on sandy areas to retain (8) ………….. for planting trees, but this method may harm the environment. Other countries built long canals or pipelines (9) ………….. water to desert areas.

  Unless people find more (10) …………… methods, their homes and land will be lost. The fight against the desert is continuing.

II. Choose the correct word A, B, C or D for each gap to complete the following passage.

          Computers are helpful (1) _________ many ways. First, they are fast. They can work with information even (2) _________ quickly than a person. Second, computers can work with a lot of information at the same time. Third, they can keep information for a long time. They (3) __________ forget things that the common people do. (4) __________, computers are almost always correct. They are not perfect, but they usually do not (5) _________ mistakes.

1. A. in                                   B. on                                           C. at                                   D. over

2. A. much                            B. rather                                     C. more                             D. less

3. A. might not              B. must not                                       C. should not                   D. do not

4. A. However                B. Moreover                                    C. Otherwise                    D. Nevertheless

5. A. do                                  B. make                                      C. have                       D. take