TXĐ: \(x>-4\)

Khi đó BPT tương đương:

\(x^2+2x>3\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-3>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\x< -3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy tập nghiệm của BPT là: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>1\\-3< x< -3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,ĐK:x\ge\dfrac{1}{5}\\ PT\Leftrightarrow5x-1=64\\ \Leftrightarrow x=13\left(tm\right)\\ b,ĐK:x\ge\dfrac{2}{5}\\ BPT\Leftrightarrow5x-2< 16\\ \Leftrightarrow x< \dfrac{18}{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{5}\le x< \dfrac{18}{5}\\ c,ĐK:x\ge3\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\left|x-1\right|-\left|x-2\right|=x-3\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-x-\left(2-x\right)=x-3\left(x< 1\right)\\x-1-\left(2-x\right)=x-3\left(1\le x< 2\right)\\x-1-\left(x-2\right)=x-3\left(x\ge2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(ktm\right)\\x=0\left(tm\right)\\x=4\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

x=\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\) (-\(\infty\); -3] \(\cup\) { 3 }

a, ĐK: \(x\le-1,x\ge3\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2x-3\right)+\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\\\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-3=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm\sqrt{5}\left(tm\right)\)

b, ĐK: \(-2\le x\le2\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=t\Rightarrow t^2=10-3x-4\sqrt{4-x^2}\)

Khi đó phương trình tương đương:

\(3t-t^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=0\\\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2+x=8-4x\\2+x=17-4x+12\sqrt{2-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{6}{5}\left(tm\right)\\5x-15=12\sqrt{2-x}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vì \(-2\le x\le2\Rightarrow5x-15< 0\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) vô nghiệm

Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=\dfrac{6}{5}\)

c, ĐK: \(0\le x\le9\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{9x-x^2}=t\left(0\le t\le\dfrac{9}{2}\right)\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow9+2\sqrt{9x-x^2}=-x^2+9x+m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(-x^2+9x\right)+2\sqrt{9x-x^2}+9=m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-t^2+2t+9=m\)

Khi \(m=9,pt\Leftrightarrow-t^2+2t=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}9x-x^2=0\\9x-x^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(tm\right)\\x=9\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{9\pm\sqrt{65}}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Phương trình đã cho có nghiệm khi phương trình \(m=f\left(t\right)=-t^2+2t+9\) có nghiệm

\(\Leftrightarrow minf\left(t\right)\le m\le maxf\left(t\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{9}{4}\le m\le10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}8-x\ge0\\x-2\ge0\\8-x\le\left(x-2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\le x\le8\\x^2-3x-4\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\le x\le8\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge4\\x\le-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow4\le x\le8\)