I. Choose the correct answers to complete the passage 

CARBON FOOTPRINTS

Everybody has a carbon footprint - it's the (1)__________of carbon dioxide we produce with any action or activity.(2)____________carbon dioxide contributes to 'greenhouse gases', our carbon footprints have a direct impact( 3)____________the environment. You can estimate your carbon footprint on any number of popular websites: if it's (4) _________, then you're probably leading a relatively green lifestyle. But (5)__________happens if it's big?

Well, the answer is that you can (6)_________it. This modern answer to the problem is for people to contribute to balancing the negative effects of their actions by using (7) ____________ fuels, recycling, reforestation and a number of other activities which are said to contribute to a lowering of (8)_________carbon dioxide.

1. a. number b. quality c. amount d. period

2. a. As b. Although c. However d. Due to

3. a. for b. to c. on d. in

4. a. small b. large c. free d. fine

5. a. when b. what c. why d. how

6. a. replace b. reuse c. increase d. balance

7. a. fossil b. leaded c. smoky d. green

8. a. moving b. lowering c. rising d. falling

energy- saving bulbs / impact / cut down on / green lifestyle / carbon dioxide

Everybody has a carbon footprint - it's the amount of_______we produce with any action or activity. Because carbon dioxide contributes to 'greenhouse gases', our carbon footprints have a direct_______on the environment. You can estimate your carbon footprint on any number of popular websites: if it's small, then you're probably leading a________ . Contrastedly, if it's big, that means you have to do something to______  your carbon emission. Try using less plastic products, planting more trees and installing_______in your houses. Those small actions count.

Carbon footprints
Well , the answer is you can (6) ................ it . People contribule to balancing the nagative effects of their actions by using (7)............. fuels , recycling , reforestation and a number of other activities which are said to contribute to a ( 8 ) .............. of the carbon dioxide .
6. a. replace b. reuse c. increase d. batlance
7. a. fossil b. leaded c. smoky d. green
8. a.moving b. lowering c. rising d.falling
giải hộ mình 4h chiều đi học rồi

complete the sentences with the words in the box

endangered species  littering    air pollution   plastic rubbish      single-use   habitat  ecosystem   carbon dioxide     carbon footprint     environment protection

1............. is throwing garbage onto the ground instead of into a trash can

2. A(n)   .............. is a type of organism that is threatened by extinction

3.............. is the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism

4. A(n)............. is a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

5. Energy conservation and............ are growing concerns in the world

6. A(n).............. is an indicator that accounts for greenhouse  gases emited by human activity

7........... is Earth's most important  greenhouse gas: a gas that asborbs and radiates heat

8............ items are products designed to be used only once before they are discarded

9. Cars, trucks, buses, off-road vehicles and planes are all considered mobile sources of............

10.............. such as plastic bags satys in the environment for many years after it has been used

XV. Read the passage and answer the question.

A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) released into the air by your own energy needs. You need transportation, electricity, food, clothing, and other goods. CO₂ is produced by the burning of fossil fuels which is used to provide energy for your homes, by the cars you travel in and by the manufacture and transport of goods you buy.

Carbon dioxide is also called greenhouse gas, which causes global warming. That is the reason why the carbon footprint is a very poweful tool to understand the impact of personal behaviours on global warming. If you want to contribute to stop global warming, the reduction of your personal carbon footprint is essential. Fist, you can reduce your carbon footprint by driving less. When possible, walk or ride a bike to avoid carbon emissions completely or use public transport in order to decrease CO emissions. Second, support using clean energy sources such as wind, solar, geothermal energy and biogas. Finally, reusing or recycling items you no longer use is also a good way to reduce your carbon footprint.

1. What is a carbon footprint?

..............................................................................

2. How is CO₂ produced?

..............................................................................

3. What can carbon footprint cause?

.................................................................................

4. What should you do to stop global warming?

..................................................................................

XVI. Read the passage and choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the passage.

In many countries in process of industrialization, overcrowded citis present a major problem. The (1) ............ of town is mainly caused by the drift of large numbers of people from the rural areas. The only long-tẻm solution is to make (2)............. in the rural areas more attractive, which would (3)............ people to stay there. This could be achieved by providing incentives for people to go and work in the villages. Moreover, facilities in the rural areas, such as transportation, health and education services should be (4)...........

1. A. population B. popularity C. populous D. overpopulation

2. A. life B. surroundings C. atmosphere D. sights

3. A. insist B. suggest C. encourage D. persuade

4. A. invested B. improved C. impressed D. increased

VIII. Write the questions for the answers.
What causes carbon emissions? 
How can I reduce my carbon footprint?
How does carbon footprint affect us? What“ is a carbon footprint?
How can I calculate my carbon footprint?
1. A:_____________________________________________________________________
B: It is the amount of greenhouse gases - primarily carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by human activities.
2.A.___________________________________________________________________
B. The burning of fossil fuels in the environment.
3. A. _____________________________________________________________________________
B. Carbon emissions contribute to climate change, which can have for humans and their environment.
4.A:_________________________________________________________________________
B: You need to work out your energy use, water use and waste disposal.
5. A:_______________________________________________________________________
B: Turn off lights, TVs, computers when you do not need them. Walk or ride your bike instead of using cars. Reduce the amount of trash you create by recycle and reusing items

VIII. Write the questions for the answers.
What causes carbon emissions? 
How can I reduce my carbon footprint?
How does carbon footprint affect us? What“ is a carbon footprint?
How can I calculate my carbon footprint?
1. A:_____________________________________________________________________
B: It is the amount of greenhouse gases - primarily carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by human activities.
2.A.___________________________________________________________________
B. The burning of fossil fuels in the environment.
3. A. _____________________________________________________________________________
B. Carbon emissions contribute to climate change, which can have for humans and their environment.
4.A:_________________________________________________________________________
B: You need to work out your energy use, water use and waste disposal.
5. A:_______________________________________________________________________
B: Turn off lights, TVs, computers when you do not need them. Walk or ride your bike instead of using cars. Reduce the amount of trash you create by recycle and reusing items

12. What’s the place where you live like?- ........................... (I like supermarkets/ I’ll come back tomorrow/I live with my brother in Ha Noi/ It’s pretty quiet)

13. The size of carbon ....................... (footprint/ dioxide/ amount/ emission) depends on how we manage to use natural resources.

14. Remember to turn off the lights before you .................... (leaves/ will leave/ leave/ left).

15. If it rains tomorrow, she ..............(doesn’t come/ won’t come/ not coming/ hasn’t come).

16. Ha Noi is more crowded than Hue. it has .......(few/ less/ fewer/ more) people than Hue.

17. Nobody phoned, ..............................( were they/ are they/ did they/ didn’t they)?

18. It’s very........... (spacious/ healthy/ diverse/ equal) in the city. Some rich people live in large villas, while many poor people live in small slums.

19. He’ll never pass his driving test .........( unless/ if/ because/ when) he takes more lessons.

20. ...........( How/ How many/ How often/ What time) do the buses run?- Every ten minutes

21. .....................( There/ It/ This/ That) is only a short walk from my house to the cinema.

22. Tuan finds horror films really.................... (disgust/ disgusts/ disgusted/ disgusting).

23.The children are very excited ............... (of/ on/ about/ with) going to the park tomorrow.

24. Why don’t we eat out tonight?- ...............(A. Ok, which restaurant?/ B. Ok, see you/ C. Sounds good. But I’m not in the mood/ D. A and C)

25. He isn’t popular. He has .......................... (few/ more/ many/ a lot of) friends.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 13 to 50.

          Carbon dating can be used to estimate the age of any organic natural material; it has been used successfully in archeology to determine the age of ancient artifacts or fossils as well as in a variety of other fields. The principle underlying the use of carbon dating is that carbon is a part of all living things on Earth. Since a radioactive substance such as carbon-14 has a known half-life, the amount of carbon-14 remaining in an object can be used to date that object.
          Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,570 years, which means that after that number of years, half of the carbon- 14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14. It is the ratio of carbon-14 in that substance that indicates the age of the substance. If, for example, in a particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-14, this indicates that around half of the carbon-14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the sample is approximately 5,570 years old.
          Carbon dating cannot be used effectively in dating objects that are older than 80,000 years. When objects are that old, much of the carbon-14 has already decayed into nitrogen-14, and the molecule amount that is left doesn’t provide a reliable measurement of age. In the case of older objects, other age-dating methods are available, methods which use radioactive atoms with longer half-lives than carbon has

Which of the following is NOT true about carbon-14? 

A. It and nitrogen always exist in equal amounts in any substance

B. Its half-life is more than 5,000 years

C. It can decay into nitrogen-14. 

D. It is radioactive