Giải thích các bước giải:

pH = 9 → [H+] = 10⁻⁹(M)

[H+].[OH-]=10⁻¹⁴

→ [OH-] = 10⁻⁵(M)

→ nOH- = 10⁻⁵ . 1 = 10⁻⁵(mol)

pH=8 → [H+] = 10⁻⁸(M)

[H+].[OH-]=10⁻¹⁴

→ [OH-] = 10⁻⁶(M)

Gọi x lít là thể tích nước cần dùng

Ta có

\(\dfrac{10^{-5}}{x+1}\)= 10^-6

→x=9

Chọn câu C.9 lít

1)

- TN1:

\(n_{AgCl}=\dfrac{35,875}{143,5}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: AgNO₃ + HCl --> AgCl + HNO₃

                          0,25<--0,25

TN2:

n_NaOH = 0,5.0,3 = 0,15 (mol)

PTHH: NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H₂O

             0,15--->0,15

\(n_{HCl\left(dd.C\right)}=0,25+0,15\) = 0,4 (mol)

=> \(C_{M\left(dd.C\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2M\)

2)

Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(A\right)}=\dfrac{0,25}{V}M\\C_{M\left(B\right)}=\dfrac{0,15}{V^,}M\end{matrix}\right.\)

n_HCl(A) = \(\dfrac{0,025}{V}\left(mol\right)\) 

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

                     \(\dfrac{0,025}{V}\)------>\(\dfrac{0,0125}{V}\)

n_HCl(B) = \(\dfrac{0,015}{V^,}\) (mol)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

                    \(\dfrac{0,015}{V^,}\)-------->\(\dfrac{0,0075}{V^,}\)

TH1: \(\dfrac{0,0125}{V}=\dfrac{0,0075}{V^,}+0,02\) 

Mà V + V^' = 2 (l)

=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}V=1,5;V^,=0,5\left(KTM\right)\\V=0,5;V^,=1,5\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(A\right)}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5M\\C_{M\left(B\right)}=\dfrac{0,15}{1,5}=0,1M\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(\dfrac{0,0125}{V}+0,02=\dfrac{0,0075}{V^,}\)

=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}V=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{6}}{2};V^,=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{6}}{2}\\V=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{6}}{2}\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(A\right)}=\dfrac{0,25}{\dfrac{1+\sqrt{6}}{2}}=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{6}}{10}M\\C_{M\left(B\right)}=\dfrac{0,15}{\dfrac{3-\sqrt{6}}{2}}=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{6}}{10}M\end{matrix}\right.\)

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a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba^{2+}}=4.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na^+}=3.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,011\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{4.10^{-3}}{0,2+0,3}=0,008M\\\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{3.10^{-3}}{0,2+0,3}=0,006M\\\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,011}{0,2+0,3}=0,022M\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Để trung hòa dung dịch A thì:

\(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0,01.V_{ddHCl}=\left(0,02.2+0,01\right).0,2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow V_{ddHCl}=1\left(l\right)\)

cần lời giải chi tiết ạ

A: H₂SO₄ : C_A (M)

B₁: NaOH : C₁ (M)

B₂: NaOH: C₂ (M)

TH₁: V_B1: V_B2 = 1: 1 => gọi thể tích của mỗi chất là V

Nồng độ của NaOH sau khi trộn là: C_M = n : V

TH₂: V_B1 : V_B2 = 2 : 1 => Đặt V_B2 = V (lít) thì V_B1 = 2V (lít)

Nồng độ của NaOH sau khi trộn là:

Ta có: 

a, \(\left[Ca^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,15.0,5}{0,15+0,05}=0,375M\)

\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,05.2}{0,15+0,05}=0,5M\)

\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,15.2.0,5+0,05.2}{0,15+0,05}=1,25M\)

b, \(\left[Fe^{3+}\right]=\dfrac{\dfrac{2.1,6}{400}}{1,5}\approx0,005M\)

\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{\dfrac{2.6,96}{174}}{1,5}\approx0,053M\)

\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{\dfrac{3.1,6}{400}+\dfrac{6,96}{174}}{1,5}\approx0,035M\)

Đáp án A

n_H+= n_HCl+ 2n_H2SO4+ 3n_H3PO4= 0,1.0,3+ 2.0,2.0,1+ 3.0,1.0,1=0,1 mol

n_OH-= (V.0,1+2.0,2.V)/1000 mol

H⁺ + OH^-→ H₂O

Theo PT: n_H+= n_OH- nên 0,1=(V.0,1+2.0,2.V)/1000 suy ra V= 200 ml

a)

$KOH + HCl \to KCl + H_2O$

$n_{KOH} = 0,3(mol) < n_{HCl} = 1,05(mol)$ nên HCl dư

$n_{HCl\ dư} = 1,05 -0 ,3 = 0,75(mol)$
$n_{KCl} = n_{KOH} = 0,3(mol)$

$V_{dd} = 0,3+ 0,7 = 1(lít)$
Suy ra : 

$[K^+] = \dfrac{0,3}{1} = 0,3M$
$[Cl^-] = \dfrac{0,75 + 0,3}{1} = 1,05M$
$[H^+] = \dfrac{0,75}{1} = 0,75M$

b)

$Ba(OH)_2 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + 2H_2O$
$n_{Ba(OH)_2} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,375(mol)$

$V_{Ba(OH)_2} = \dfrac{0,375}{1,5} = 0,25(lít)$

\(n_{KOH}=0.3\cdot1=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0.7\cdot1.5=1.05\left(mol\right)\)

\(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)

\(0.3...........0.3..........0.3\)

Dung dịch D gồm : 0.3 (mol) KCl , 0.75 (mol) HCl dư

\(\left[K^+\right]=\dfrac{0.3}{0.3+0.7}=0.3\left(M\right)\)

\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0.3+0.75}{0.3+0.7}=1.05\left(M\right)\)

\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0.75}{0.3+0.7}=0.75\left(M\right)\)

\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)

\(0.375..................0.75\)

\(V_{dd_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0.375}{1.5}=0.25\left(l\right)\)

TN1:

\(C_{M\left(E\right)}=\dfrac{2x+y}{3}M\)

10ml dd E chứa \(0,01.\dfrac{2x+y}{3}\) mol H₂SO₄

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,05824}{22,4}=0,0026\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + H₂SO₄ --> ZnSO₄ + H₂

=> 2x + y = 0,78 (1)

TN2:

\(C_{M\left(F\right)}=\dfrac{x+3y}{4}M\)

50ml dd F chứa \(0,05\dfrac{x+3y}{4}\) mol H₂SO₄

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16,8.5\%}{40}=0,021\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2NaOH + H₂SO₄ --> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

=> x + 3y = 0,84 (2)

(1)(2) => x = 0,3; y = 0,18