Gọi số mol Al, Fe là a, b

\(m_{Cu}=m_B=6,4\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al}+m_{Fe}=17,4-6,4=11\left(g\right)\)

=> 27a + 56b = 11

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂ 

            b----------------------->b

            2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

             a------------------------>1,5a

=> 1,5a + b = 0,4

=> a = 0,2; b = 0,1

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{Cu}=6.4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=16-6.4=9.6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9.6}{24}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.4........0.8\)

\(m_{HCl}=0.8\cdot36.5=29.2\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{6,675}{133,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

          0,05<-----------0,05---->0,075

=> \(\%Al=\dfrac{0,05.27}{14,15}.100\%=9,54\%\)

=> \(\%Cu=\dfrac{14,15-0,05.27}{14,15}.100\%=90,46\%\)

b) \(V_{H_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,15-0,05.27}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

          0,05->0,0375

           2Cu + O₂ --t^o--> 2CuO 

            0,2-->0,1

=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,0375\right).22,4=3,08\left(l\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ m_{AlCl_3}=6,675\left(mol\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{6,675}{133,5}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_A=0,05.27=1,35\left(g\right);m_{Cu}=14,15-1,35=12,8\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{14,15}.100\approx90,459\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx9,541\%\\ b,n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,05=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\ 4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\\ 2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}.n_{Al}+\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,05+\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,0875\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,0875.22,4=1,96\left(l\right)\)

a) Chất rắn Z là Cu

\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{25,7}.100=24,9\%\)

Gọi x, y là số mol Al, Fe

2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2

Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,65\\27x+56y=19,3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> x=0,3; y=0,2

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,3.27}{25,7}.100=31,52\%\)

%mFe=43,58%

b)Khí X là H2

 \(m_{H_2}=0,65.2=1,3\left(g\right)\)

c) \(Cu+2AgNO_3\rightarrow Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2+2Ag\)

\(n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{AgNO_3}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{2}\) => Sau phản ứng Cu dư

\(m_{cr}=m_{Cu\left(dư\right)}+m_{Ag}=\left(0,1-0,075\right).64+0,15.108=17,8\left(g\right)\)

a) mZ= mCu= 6,4(g) (Vì Cu không td dung dịch HCl)

=> m(Al, Fe)= 25,7 - 6,4= 19,3(g)

Đặt nAl=a(mol); nFe=b(mol) (a,b>0)

nH2= 14,56/22,4=0,65(mol)

PTHH: 2Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2

a_________3a_____a_______1,5a(mol)

Fe + 2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

b____2b____b___b(mol)

Ta có hệ pt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=19,3\\3a+2b=0,65\end{matrix}\right.\)

Có vẻ số liệu lẻ, em có thể xem lại đề được không?

Chọn B

2HCl →  H₂

⇒  nCl = 2nH₂ = 2.0,35 = 0,7

⇒  m_muối = (9,14 – 2,54) + 0,7.35,5 = 31,45g

Đáp án B

nH₂ = 0,35 => nCl^- = nHCl = 2nH₂ = 0,7

=> mMg + mAl = 9,14 – 2,54 = 6,6g => m_muối = 6,6 + 0,7.35,5 = 31,45g 

Đáp án A

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