A = 8⁸ + 2²⁰

= (2³)⁸ + 2²⁰

= 2²⁴ + 2²⁰

= 2²⁰.(2⁴ + 1)

= 2²⁰.17 ⋮ 17

Vậy A ⋮ 17

a) P = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3¹⁰¹

= (1 + 3 + 3²) + (3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + ... + (3⁹⁹ + 3¹⁰⁰ + 3¹⁰¹)

= 13 + 3³.(1 + 3 + 3²) + ... + 3⁹⁹.(1 + 3 + 3²)

= 13 + 3³.13 + ... + 3⁹⁹.13

= 13.(1 + 3³ + ... + 3⁹⁹) ⋮ 13

Vậy P ⋮ 13

b) B = 1 + 2² + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰²⁰

= (1 + 2² + 2⁴) + (2⁶ + 2⁸ + 2¹⁰) + ... + (2²⁰¹⁶ + 2²⁰¹⁸ + 2²⁰²⁰)

= 21 + 2⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴) + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.(1 + 2² + 2⁴)

= 21 + 2⁶.21 + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶.21

= 21.(1 + 2⁶ + ... + 2²⁰¹⁶) ⋮ 21

Vậy B ⋮ 21

c) A = 2 + 2² + 2³ + ... + 2²⁰

= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁷ + 2¹⁸ + 2¹⁹ + 2²⁰)

= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + ... + 2¹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)

= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁶.30

= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶)

= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁶) ⋮ 5

Vậy A ⋮ 5

d) A = 1 + 4 + 4² + ... + 4⁹⁸

= (1 + 4 + 4²) + (4³ + 4⁴ + 4⁵) + ... + (4⁹⁷ + 4⁹⁸ + 4⁹⁹)

= 21 + 4³.(1 + 4 + 4²) + ... + 4⁹⁷.(1 + 4 + 4²)

= 21 + 4³.21 + ... + 4⁹⁷.21

= 21.(1 + 4³ + ... + 4⁹⁷) ⋮ 21

Vậy A ⋮ 21

e) A = 11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + ... + 11 + 1

= (11⁹ + 11⁸ + 11⁷ + 11⁶ + 11⁵) + (11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1)

= 11⁵.(11⁴ + 11³ + 11² + 11 + 1) + 16105

= 11⁵.16105 + 16105

= 16105.(11⁵ + 1)

= 5.3221.(11⁵ + 1) ⋮ 5

Vậy A ⋮ 5

Câu 1: 

$A=(2+2^2)+(2^3+2^4)+(2^5+2^6)+....+(2^{2019}+2^{2020})$

$=2(1+2)+2^3(1+2)+2^5(1+2)+....+2^{2019}(1+2)$

$=(1+2)(2+2^3+2^5+...+2^{2019})=3(2+2^3+2^5+...+2^{2019})\vdots 3$

-----------------

$A=2+(2^2+2^3+2^4)+(2^5+2^6+2^7)+....+(2^{2018}+2^{2019}+2^{2020})$

$=2+2^2(1+2+2^2)+2^5(1+2+2^2)+....+2^{2018}(1+2+2^2)$

$=2+(1+2+2^2)(2^2+2^5+....+2^{2018})$

$=2+7(2^2+2^5+...+2^{2018})$

$\Rightarrow A$ chia $7$ dư $2$.

Câu 2:

$B=(3+3^2)+(3^3+3^4)+....+(3^{2021}+3^{2022})$
$=3(1+3)+3^3(1+3)+...+3^{2021}(1+3)$

$=(1+3)(3+3^3+...+3^{2021})=4(3+3^3+....+3^{2021})\vdots 4$

-------------------

$B=(3+3^2+3^3)+(3^4+3^5+3^6)+...+(3^{2020}+3^{2021}+3^{2022})$

$=3(1+3+3^2)+3^4(1+3+3^2)+....+3^{2020}(1+3+3^2)$

$=(1+3+3^2)(3+3^4+...+3^{2020})=13(3+3^4+...+3^{2020})\vdots 13$ (đpcm)

a: \(G=8^8+2^{20}\)

\(=2^{24}+2^{20}\)

\(=2^{20}\left(2^4+1\right)=2^{20}\cdot17⋮17\)

b: Sửa đề: \(H=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)

\(=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+...+2^{59}\left(1+2\right)\)

\(=3\left(2+2^3+...+2^{59}\right)⋮3\)

\(H=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)

\(=2\left(1+2+2^2\right)+2^4\left(1+2+2^2\right)+...+2^{58}\left(1+2+2^2\right)\)

\(=7\left(2+2^4+...+2^{58}\right)⋮7\)

\(H=2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{60}\)

\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{57}+2^{58}+2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)

\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{57}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)

\(=15\left(2+2^5+...+2^{57}\right)⋮15\)

c: \(E=\left(1+3+3^2\right)+3^3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{1989}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\)

\(=13\left(1+3^3+...+3^{1989}\right)⋮13\)

\(E=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{1991}\)

\(=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5\right)+\left(3^6+3^7+3^8+3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)+...+3^{1986}+3^{1987}+3^{1988}+3^{1989}+3^{1990}+3^{1991}\)

\(=364\left(1+3^6+...+3^{1986}\right)⋮14\)

1: \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\)

\(=2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)+...+2^{97}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3\right)\)

\(=15\left(2+2^5+...+2^{97}\right)\)

\(=30\left(1+2^4+...+2^{96}\right)⋮30\)

2:

\(B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2022}\)

\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2021}+3^{2022}\right)\)

\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+3^2\left(3+3^2\right)+...+3^{2020}\left(3+3^2\right)\)

\(=12\left(1+3^2+...+3^{2020}\right)⋮12\)

\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\\ A=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{58}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\\ A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)\\ A=13\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)⋮13\)

\(M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{17}+2^{18}+2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{16}\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\left(1+...+2^{16}\right)\\ M=30\left(1+...+2^{16}\right)⋮5\)

A=1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^98+3^99+3^100

A=(1+3+ 3^2)+(3^3+3^4+3^5)+...+(3^98+3^99+3^100)

A=(1+3+3^2)+3^3x(1+3+3^2)+...+3^98x(1+3+3^2)

A=13x3^3x13+...+3^98x13

=> 13x(1+3+3^3+...+3^98)chia hết cho 13

Vậy A chia hết cho 13

câu b đâu bạn ?