\(n_{H_2}=\frac{3,92}{22,4}=0,175mol\)

a. PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

b. Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\\y\left(mol\right)=n_{Al}\end{cases}}\)

\(\rightarrow24x+27y=3,75\left(1\right)\)

Theo phương trình \(n_{Mg}+1,5n_{Al}=n_{H_2}=0,175\)

\(\rightarrow x+1,5y=0,175\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0,1mol\\y=0,05mol\end{cases}}\)

\(\rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4g\)

\(\rightarrow m_{Al}=3,75-2,4=1,35g\)

a)

$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + H_2SO_4 \to FeSO_4 + H_2$

b)

Gọi $n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 0,83(1)$

Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{0,56}{22,4} = 0,025(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,01; b = 0,01

$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,01.27}{0,84}.100\% = 32,1\%$

$\%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 32,1\% = 67,9\%$

a. PTHH:

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Cu + H₂SO₄ ---x--->

b. Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6\left(g\right)\)

c. \(\%_{m_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\)

\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)

d. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29,4}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)

=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=147\left(g\right)\)

a) Gọi `n_{Al} = a (mol); n_{Fe} = b (mol)`

PTHH:

`2Al + 3H_2SO_4 -> Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2`

`Fe + H_2SO_4 -> FeSO_4 + H_`

b) `n_{H_2} = (0,56)/(22,4) = 0,025 (mol)`

Theo PT: `n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} + 3/2 n_{Al}`

`=> b + 1,5a = 0,025`

Giải hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=0,83\\1,5a+b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,01\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%=32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-32,53\%=67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đáp án C

Gọi a, b là số mol của Al và Fe trong 8,3 g hỗn hợp ban đầu

Gọi x là số mol Al

y là số mol Mg

a) Ta có PT:
2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

.x..........\(\frac{3}{2}\)x...................\(\frac{1}{2}\)..............\(\frac{3}{2}\)x

Mg + H₂SO₄ ---> MgSO₄ + H₂

.y..........y..................y.............y

Theo bài ra ta có

27x + 24y = 3,75(1)

n_{\(H_2\)} = \(\frac{3,92}{22,4}\) = 0,175(mol)

⇔ \(\frac{3}{2}\)x + y = 0,175(2)

Giải (1) và (2) ta có:

x = 0,05 ➝ m_Al = 27.0,05 = 1,35(g)

y = 0,1 ➝ m_Mg = 24.0,1 = 2,4(g)

b)

%m_Al = \(\frac{1,35}{3,75}\).100% = 36%

%m_Mg = 100 - 36 = 64%

c) n_{\(H_2SO_4\)} = \(\frac{3}{2}\)x + y = 0,175 (mol)

=> V_{\(H_2SO_4\)} = \(\frac{0,175}{1}\)= 0,175(ml)

Bài 1:

a+b) PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{17,6}\cdot100\%\approx63,64\%\\\%m_{Cu}=36,36\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) Ta có: \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{64}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{CuSO_4}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=0,1\cdot400+0,1\cdot160=56\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

Quy đổi hh gồm Fe (a mol) và O (b mol)

\(\Rightarrow56a+16b=27,6\)  (1)

Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn electron: \(3n_{Fe}=2n_O+2n_{SO_2}\) \(\Rightarrow3a-2b=0,45\)  (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,39\\b=0,36\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,195\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,195\cdot400=78\left(g\right)\)

Bài 3 : 

a) $Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2$
$n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,15.24}{13,2}.100\% = 27,27\%$
$\%m_{Cu} = 100\% -27,27\% = 72,73\%$

b) $n_{Cu} = \dfrac{13,2 - 0,15.24}{64}= 0,15(mol)$

$\Rightarrow m_{muối} = 0,15.120 + 0,15.160= 42(gam)$

Bài 4 : 

Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)$
$56a + 24b = 18,4(1)$

$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$

Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,2 ; b = 0,3

$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{18,4}.100\%  = 60,87\%$

$\%m_{Mg} = 100\% -60,87\% = 39,13\%$

b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{1}{0,8}=  1,25(lít)$

3a) \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{13,2}.100=27,28\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100-27,28=72,73\%\)

b) \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{13,2-3,6}{64}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O

0,15------------------->0,15

Mg + 2H2SO4 → MgSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O

0,15------------------->0,15

\(m_{muối}=0,15.160+0,15.120=42\left(g\right)\)