Bài 10:

PTHH: \(Na_2CO_3+BaCl_2\rightarrow2NaCl+BaCO_3\downarrow\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{200\cdot10,6\%}{106}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{BaCO_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{BaCO_3}=0,2\cdot197=39,4\left(g\right)\)

b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaCO_3}=0,2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot208}{120}\cdot100\%\approx34,67\%\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{NaCl}=2n_{BaCl_2}=0,4mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,4\cdot58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddNa_2CO_3}+m_{ddBaCl_2}-m_{BaCO_3}=280,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{23,4}{280,6}\cdot100\%\approx8,34\%\)

Bài 11 và bài 12 tương tự bài 10

ai giúp mình với, mình đang ktra huhuhuh

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6\cdot20\%}{100\%}=3,92\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3,92}{98}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:H_2SO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=n_{BaSO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{BaCl_2}}=0,04\cdot208=8,32\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{8,32\cdot100\%}{12\%}\approx69,3\left(g\right)\\ m_{kết.tủa}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,04\cdot233=9,32\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{208.10\%}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+2HCl\\ 0,1............0,1..............0,1.............0,2\left(mol\right)\\ b,m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98.100}{8}=122,5\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{kt}=m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ddsau}=208+122,5-23,3=307,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{307,2}.100\approx2,376\%\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200.10,4\%}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,BaCl_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\\ b,Qu\text{ỳ}-t\text{í}m-ho\text{á}-\text{đ}\text{ỏ}-do-c\text{ó}-\text{ax}it-HCl\\ c,n_{BaSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{BaCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{k\text{ết}-t\text{ủa}}=m_{BaSO_4}=233.0,1=23,3\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{\text{dd}H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{4,9\%}=200\left(g\right)\\ e,m_{\text{dd}HCl}=200+200-23,3=376,7\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{\text{dd}HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{376,7}.100\approx1,938\%\)

Câu 1:

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ===> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

a)Vì Cu không phản ứng với H₂SO₄ loãng nên 6,72 lít khí là sản phẩm của Al tác dụng với H₂SO₄

=> n_H2 = 6,72 / 22,4 = 0,2 (mol)

=> n_Al = 0,2 (mol)

=> m_Al = 0,2 x 27 = 5,4 gam

=> m_Cu = 10 - 5,4 = 4,6 gam

b) n_H2SO4 = n_H2 = 0,3 mol

=> m_H2SO4 = 0,3 x 98 = 29,4 gam

=> Khối lượng dung dịch H₂SO₄ 20% cần dùng là:

m_{dung dịch H2SO4 20%} = \(\frac{29,4.100}{20}=147\left(gam\right)\)

n_{H2 = 6.72 : 22.4 = 0.3 mol}

Cu không tác dụng với H₂SO₄

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ -> Al₂(SO4)₃ + 3H₂

0.2 <- 0.3 <- 0.1 <- 0.3 ( mol )

m_Al = 0.2 x 56 = 5.4 (g)

m_Cu = 10 - 5.4 = 4.6 (g )

m_H2SO4 = 0.3 x 98 = 29.4 ( g)

m_{H2SO4 20%} = ( 29.4 x100 ) : 20 = 147 (g)

3, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 3CuSO₄ \(\rightarrow\) Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Cu

de: 0,6 \(\rightarrow\) 0,9 \(\rightarrow\) 0,9

\(m_{CuSO_4}=0,9.160=144g\)

a, \(m_{ddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{144.100}{25}=576g\)

b, \(m_{Cu}=0,9.64=57,6g\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{150.16,64\%}{137+35.2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.14,7\%}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Phương trình hóa học : 

BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄ -----> BaSO₄ + 2HCl 

Dễ thấy \(\dfrac{n_{BaCl_2}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4\text{ dư }0,15-0,12=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

c) Khối lượng kết tủa : 

\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,12.233=27,96\) (g) 

Khối lượng chất tan : \(m_{HCl}=0,24.36,5=8,76\left(g\right)\) ; 

\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(\text{dư}\right)}=0,03.98=2,94\left(g\right)\) 

c) \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}\)= \(\dfrac{2,94}{150+100}.100\%=1,176\%\)

_{\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{8,76}{150+100}.100\%=3.504\%\)}

d) NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H₂O 

      0,24 <-- 0,24

       mol       mol

    2NaOH + H₂SO₄  ---> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

  0,06 mol <-- 0,03 mol  

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,24+0,06=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{NaOH}=0,3.2=0,6\left(l\right)\)

a. PTHH    BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4↓ + 2HCl

b. _ mBaCl2 = 16,61.150:100 = 24,96 g

nBaCl2 = 24.96:208 = 0,12 mol

_ mH2SO4 = 14,7.100:100 = 14,7 g

nH2SO4 = 14,7:98 = 0,15 mol

Ta thấy: nBaCl2 < nH2SO4 ⇒ BaCl2 hết, H2SO4 dư

\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{48}{160}=0,3mol\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{82,2}{208}=0,39mol\)

\(CuSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4+CuCl_2\)

0,3      <     0,39                                    ( mol )

0,3              0,3            0,3             0,3      ( mol )

\(m_{BaCl_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,39-0,3\right).208=18,72g\)

\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,3.233=69,9g\)

Cách 1. \(m_{CuCl_2}=0,3.135=40,5g\)

Cách 2. \(m_{BaCl_2\left(pứ\right)}=0,3.208=62,4g\)

Áp dụng ĐL BTKL, ta có:

\(m_{CuSO_4}+m_{BaCl_2}=m_{BaSO_4}+m_{CuCl_2}\)

\(\rightarrow m_{CuCl_2}=48+62,4-69,9=40,5g\)

PTHH: \(BaCl_2+Na_2SO_4\rightarrow2NaCl+BaSO_4\downarrow\)

Ta có: \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200\cdot13,8\%}{208}=\dfrac{69}{520}\left(mol\right)=n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{BaSO_4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{69}{520}\cdot142}{250}\cdot100\%\approx7,54\%\\m_{BaSO_4}=\dfrac{69}{520}\cdot233\approx30,92\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)