2*(2xy + x + y) = 2*83
=> 4xy + 2x + 2y = 166
=> 2x(2y + 1) + 2y +1 = 167 (cộng 2 vế với 1)
=> (2x + 1)(2y + 1) = 167
=> (2x + 1), (2y + 1) thuộc Ư(167) (vì x, y thuộc Z)
=> (2x + 1), (2y + 1) thuộc (1, -1, 167, -167)

kẻ bảng ra

\(A-\left(2xy+4y^2\right)=3x^2-6xy+5y^2\\ \Leftrightarrow A=3x^2-6xy+5y^2+2xy+4y^2=3x^2-4xy+9y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+5y^2-y+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)+\dfrac{15}{16}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}=0\) (vô nghiệm)

Ko tồn tại x; y thỏa mãn pt

\(M=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4x^2+y^2+1-4xy+4x-2y\right)+\dfrac{9}{2}y^2+3y-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(M=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2x-y+1\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{2}\left(y+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2-1\ge-1\)

\(M_{min}=-1\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x^2-2xy+5y^2+4y+1\)

\(=x^2-2xy+y^2+4y^2+4y+1\)

\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\)

\(x^2-2xy+5y^2+4y+1=x^2-2xy+y^2+4y^2+4y+1=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2\)

\(D=x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2+4y^2+5=\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+4y^2+5\ge5\forall x,y\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=y=0