a) \(\left(x^2+5x-6\right):\left(x-1\right)\)

\(=\left[x\left(x+6\right)-\left(x+6\right)\right]:\left(x-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right):\left(x-1\right)\)

\(=x+6\)

b) \(\left(x^3-x^2-5x+21\right):\left(x^2-4x+7\right)\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-4x+7\right):\left(x^2-4x+7\right)\)

\(=x+3\)

Bài 1: 

a: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-5x+6< =0\)

=>(x-2)(x-3)<=0

=>2<=x<=3

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)^2< =0\)

=>x=6

c: \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+1>=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2>=0\)

hay \(x\in R\)

a) (x - 2)(x - 3).                        b) 3(x - 2)(x + 5).

c) (x - 2)(3x + 1).                     d) (x-2y)(x - 5y).

e) (x + l)(x + 2)(x - 3).             g) (x-1)(x + 3)( x 2  + 3).

h) (x + y - 3)(x - y + 1).

a) Ta có: \(\left(x^2-5x\right)^2+10\left(x^2-5x\right)+24=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x\right)^2+4\left(x^2-5x\right)+6\left(x^2-5x\right)+24=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x\right)\left(x^2-5x+4\right)+6\left(x^2-5x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x+6\right)\left(x^2-5x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x-3x+6\right)\left(x^2-x-4x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[x\left(x-2\right)-3\left(x-2\right)\right]\left[x\left(x-1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-2=0\\x-3=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\\x=3\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={1;2;3;4}

b) Ta có: \(\left(2x+1\right)^2-2x-1=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2-2\left(2x+1\right)+\left(2x+1\right)-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)\left(2x+1-2\right)+\left(2x+1-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1+1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+2\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+2=0\\2x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=-2\\2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: \(S=\left\{-1;\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)

c) Ta có: \(x\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3-x^2+x-x^2+x-1\right)-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3-2x^2+2x-1\right)-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+2x^2-x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+2x^2-4x+3x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)+2x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+2x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-x+3x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x\left(x^2-1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+3\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2-x+3>0\forall x\)

nên (x-2)(x+1)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={2;-1}

d) Ta có: \(\left(x^2+1\right)^2+3x\left(x^2+1\right)+2x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)^2+2x\left(x^2+1\right)+x\left(x^2+1\right)+2x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1+2x\right)+x\left(x^2+1+2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2\cdot\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+x+1>0\forall x\)

nên x+1=0

hay x=-1

Vậy: S={-1}

1) Ta có: \(x^2-4x+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-2=0\)

hay x=2

Vậy: S={2}

\(\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\left(x^2-11x+3x\right)=180\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x-6\right)=180\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x-5\right)\right]\left[\left(x+3\right)\left(x-6\right)\right]\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-3x-10\right)\left(x^2-3x-18\right)=0\left(1\right)\)

Đặt \(x^2-3x-14=a\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(a+4\right)\left(a-4\right)=180\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2-16=180\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2=196\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=14\\a=-14\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3x-14=14\\x^2-3x-14=-14\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-3x=0\left(vô.lí\right)\\x^2-3x=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lời giải:

1.

$4x+9=0$

$4x=-9$

$x=\frac{-9}{4}$
2.

$-5x+6=0$

$-5x=-6$

$x=\frac{6}{5}$

3.

$x^2-1=0$

$x^2=1=1^2=(-1)^2$

$x=\pm 1$

4.

$x^2-9=0$

$x^2=9=3^2=(-3)^2$

$x=\pm 3$

5.

$x^2-x=0$

$x(x-1)=0$

$x=0$ hoặc $x-1=0$

$x=0$ hoặc $x=1$

6.

$x^2-2x=0$

$x(x-2)=0$

$x=0$ hoặc $x-2=0$

$x=0$ hoặc $x=2$

7.

$x^2-3x=0$

$x(x-3)=0$

$x=0$ hoặc $x-3=0$ 

$x=0$ hoặc $x=3$

8.

$3x^2-4x=0$

$x(3x-4)=0$

$x=0$ hoặc $3x-4=0$

$x=0$ hoặc $x=\frac{4}{3}$

Cách 1: Tách một hạng tử thành tổng hai hạng tử để xuất hiện nhân tử chung.

a) x2 – 3x + 2

= x2 – x – 2x + 2 (Tách –3x = – x – 2x)

= (x2 – x) – (2x – 2)

= x(x – 1) – 2(x – 1) (Có x – 1 là nhân tử chung)

= (x – 1)(x – 2)

Hoặc: x2 – 3x + 2

= x2 – 3x – 4 + 6 (Tách 2 = – 4 + 6)

= x2 – 4 – 3x + 6

= (x2 – 22) – 3(x – 2)

= (x – 2)(x + 2) – 3.(x – 2) (Xuất hiện nhân tử chung x – 2)

= (x – 2)(x + 2 – 3) = (x – 2)(x – 1)

b) x2 + x – 6

= x2 + 3x – 2x – 6 (Tách x = 3x – 2x)

= x(x + 3) – 2(x + 3) (có x + 3 là nhân tử chung)

= (x + 3)(x – 2)

c) x2 + 5x + 6 (Tách 5x = 2x + 3x)

= x2 + 2x + 3x + 6

= x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) (Có x + 2 là nhân tử chung)

= (x + 2)(x + 3)

Cách 2: Đưa về hằng đẳng thức (1) hoặc (2)

a) x2 – 3x + 2

(Vì có x2 và  nên ta thêm bớt  để xuất hiện HĐT)

= (x – 2)(x – 1)

b) x2 + x - 6

= (x – 2)(x + 3).

c) x2 + 5x + 6

= (x + 2)(x + 3).

a) Ta có: \(x^2-2x+1=25\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=25\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=5\\x-1=-5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Ta có: \(\left(5x+1\right)^2-\left(5x-3\right)\left(5x+3\right)=30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow25x^2+10x+1-25x^2+9=30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow10x=20\)

hay x=2

c) Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-x\left(x^2-4\right)=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-x^3+4x=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x=6\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

d) Ta có: \(\left(x-2\right)^3-\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)+6\left(x+1\right)^2=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8-x^3+27+6\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-6x^2+12x+19+6x^2+12x+6=15\)

\(\Leftrightarrow24x=-10\)

hay \(x=-\dfrac{5}{12}\)

a,\(< =>\left(x-1\right)^2-5^2=0< =>\left(x-1-5\right)\left(x-1+5\right)=0\)

\(< =>\left(x-6\right)\left(x+4\right)=0=>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

b,\(< =>25x^2+10x+1-25x^2+9-30=0\)

\(< =>10x-20=0< =>10\left(x-2\right)=0< =>x=2\)

c,\(< =>x^3-1-x\left(x^2-4\right)-5=0\)

\(< =>x^3-1-x^2+4x-5=0< =>4x-6=0< =>x=\dfrac{6}{4}\)\(d,< =>\left(x-2\right)^3-x^3+3^3+6x^2+12x+6-15=0\)

\(< =>x^3-6x^2+12x-x^3+6x^2+12x+10=0\)

\(< =>24x+10=0< =>x=-\dfrac{5}{12}\)

a: Ta có: \(x^2-2x+1=25\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x-6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: Ta có: \(\left(5x+1\right)^2-\left(5x-3\right)\left(5x+3\right)=30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow25x^2+10x+1-25x^2+9=30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow10x=20\)

hay x=2

c: Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-x\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-x\left(x^2-4\right)=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1-x^3+4x=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x=6\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)