\(a,\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{-18}{10}\\ \Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{18}{10}.5\\ \Rightarrow x=-9\\ b,\dfrac{6}{x-1}=\dfrac{-3}{7}\\ \Rightarrow6.7=-3\left(x-1\right)\\ \Rightarrow42=-3x+3\\ \Rightarrow42+3x-3=0\\ \Rightarrow3x+39=0\\ \Rightarrow3x=-39\\ \Rightarrow x=-13\\ c,\dfrac{y-3}{12}=\dfrac{3}{y-3}\\ \Rightarrow\left(y-3\right)^2=36\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y-2=6\\y-2=-6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=8\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d,\dfrac{x}{25}=\dfrac{-5}{x^2}\\ \Rightarrow x^3=-125\\ \Rightarrow x^3=\left(-5\right)^3\\ \Rightarrow x=-5\)

Giải:

a) \(\dfrac{-1}{5}\le\dfrac{x}{8}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{-8}{40}\le\dfrac{5x}{40}\le\dfrac{10}{40}\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x\in\left\{0;\pm5;10\right\}\) 

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;\pm1;2\right\}\) 

b) \(\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{x-6}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow-12.\left(x-6\right)=4.18\) 

\(\Rightarrow-12x+72=72\) 

\(\Rightarrow-12x=72-72\) 

\(\Rightarrow-12x=0\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=0:-12\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=0\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{24}=\dfrac{-12}{18}\) 

\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{-12.24}{18}=-16\) 

c) \(\dfrac{x+46}{20}=x.\dfrac{2}{5}\) 

\(\dfrac{x+46}{20}=\dfrac{2x}{5}\) 

\(\Rightarrow5.\left(x+46\right)=2x.20\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x+230=40x\) 

\(\Rightarrow5x-40x=-230\) 

\(\Rightarrow-35x=-230\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=-230:-35\) 

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{46}{7}\) 

Chúc bạn học tốt!

a/ \(\dfrac{-5}{x}\) = \(\dfrac{-18}{72}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{18}{72}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=5:\dfrac{1}{4}=20\)

\(\dfrac{y}{16}=\dfrac{-18}{72}\) \(=\dfrac{-1}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 4y = - 16

\(\Leftrightarrow\) y = -4

Vậy x = 20 ; y = -4

b/ \(\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{x-1}{8}=\dfrac{10}{y-5}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{8}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{8}=\dfrac{4}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow x-1=4\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(x=4+1\)

\(x=5\)

\(\dfrac{10}{y-5}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{10}{y-5}=\dfrac{10}{20}\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(y-5=20\)

\(\Rightarrow y=20+5\)

\(y=25\)

Vậy x = 5 ; y = 25

a)

\(-\dfrac{5}{x}=-\dfrac{18}{72}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{18}{72}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=20\)

\(\dfrac{y}{16}=\dfrac{-18}{72}=-\dfrac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow4y=-16\\ \Leftrightarrow y=-4\)

b)

\(\dfrac{x-1}{8}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{8}=\dfrac{4}{8}\Rightarrow x-1=4\Rightarrow x=5\)

\(\dfrac{10}{y-5}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow y-5=20\Leftrightarrow y=25\)

Bài 2:

\(a,\dfrac{2}{x}=\dfrac{x}{8}\\ \Rightarrow x.x=8.2\\ \Rightarrow x^2=16\\ \Rightarrow x=\pm4\)

\(b,\dfrac{2x-9}{240}=\dfrac{39}{80}\\ \Rightarrow80\left(2x-9\right)=240.39\\ \Rightarrow160x-720=9360\\ \Rightarrow160x=10080\\ \Rightarrow x=63\)

\(c,\dfrac{x-1}{9}=\dfrac{8}{3}\\ \Rightarrow3\left(x-1\right)=8.9\\ \Rightarrow3\left(x-1\right)=72\\ \Rightarrow x-1=24\\ \Rightarrow x=25\)

a,\(\dfrac{6}{2x+1}=\dfrac{2}{7}\)

⇒\(\dfrac{6}{2x+1}=\dfrac{6}{21}\)

⇒\(2x+1=21\)

\(2x=21-1\)

\(2x=20\)

⇒\(x=10\)

a, \(\dfrac{x}{2}=-\dfrac{5}{y}\Rightarrow xy=-10\Rightarrow x;y\inƯ\left(-10\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm5;\pm10\right\}\)

c, \(\dfrac{3}{x-1}=y+1\Rightarrow\left(y+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=3\Rightarrow x-1;y+1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)

b: =>xy=12

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(12;1\right);\left(6;2\right);\left(4;3\right)\right\}\)

\(\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{18}{x+1};x^2+1=72\)

\(\)\(\Rightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=18.4\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+x=72\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+1=72\\x^2+x=72\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+1=x^2+x\)

\(\Rightarrow x=1\)

x = 6; y=2

\(\Leftrightarrow40+2xy=x\left(x\ne0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(1-2y\right)=40\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{40}{1-2y}\)

Do 2y chẵn => 1-2y lẻ

Để x nguyên thì 1-2y là ước của 40

\(\Rightarrow1-2y=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\Rightarrow y=\left\{3;1;0;-2\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\left\{-8;-40;40;8\right\}\)