Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

=>\(a=bk;c=dk\)

1: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2\cdot bk+3\cdot dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k\)

\(\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)

2: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4\cdot bk-3b}{4\cdot dk-3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k-3\right)}{d\left(4k-3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

\(\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}=\dfrac{4bk+3b}{4dk+3d}=\dfrac{b\left(4k+3\right)}{d\left(4k+3\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{4a-3b}{4c-3d}=\dfrac{4a+3b}{4c+3d}\)

3: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-5\right)}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)

4: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3bk-7b}{b}=\dfrac{b\left(3k-7\right)}{b}=3k-7\)

\(\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}=\dfrac{3dk-7d}{d}=\dfrac{d\left(3k-7\right)}{d}=3k-7\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a-7b}{b}=\dfrac{3c-7d}{d}\)

a, Theo bài ta có :

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{10}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{10}=\dfrac{b}{3}\)

Đặt :

\(\dfrac{a}{10}=\dfrac{b}{3}=k\left(k\ne0\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=10k\\b=3k\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có :

\(Q=\dfrac{3a-2b}{a-3b}=\dfrac{3.10k-2.3k}{10k-3.3k}=\dfrac{30k-6k}{10k-9k}=\dfrac{24k}{1k}=24\)

Vậy ...........

a-b=3=>a=b+3 Thay a=b+3 vào B

\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{b+3-8}{b-5}-\dfrac{4\left(b+3\right)-b}{3\left(b+3\right)+3}\)

\(\Rightarrow B=1-\dfrac{4b-b+12}{3b+9+3}=1-1=0\)

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{10}{3}\Rightarrow3a=10b\Rightarrow a=\dfrac{10}{3}b\)

thay vào A ta có:

\(A=\dfrac{10b-2b}{\dfrac{10}{3}b-3b}=\dfrac{8b}{\dfrac{1}{3}b}=8:\dfrac{1}{3}=24\)

4a-b=6 nên b=4a-6

\(\dfrac{6a-b}{3a+5}-\dfrac{4a-4b}{3b-5}\)

\(=\dfrac{6a-\left(4a-6\right)}{3a+5}-\dfrac{4a-4\left(4a-6\right)}{3\left(4a-6\right)-5}\)

\(=\dfrac{6a-4a+6}{3a+5}-\dfrac{4a-16a+24}{12a-18-5}\)

\(=\dfrac{2a+6}{3a+5}-\dfrac{-12a+24}{12a-23}\)

\(=\dfrac{2a+6}{3a+5}+\dfrac{12a-24}{12a-23}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(2a+6\right)\left(12a-23\right)+\left(12a-24\right)\left(3a+5\right)}{\left(3a+5\right)\left(12a-23\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{24a^2-46a+72a-138+36a^2+60a-72a-120}{\left(3a+5\right)\left(12a-23\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{60a^2+14a-258}{\left(3a+5\right)\left(12a-23\right)}\)

`Answer:`

a. Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{1}=\frac{b}{3}\)

Đặt \(k=\frac{a}{1}=\frac{b}{3}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=k\\b=3k\end{cases}}\)

\(E=\frac{3a+2b}{4a-3b}\)

\(=\frac{3k+2.3k}{4k-3.3k}\)

\(=\frac{3k+6k}{4k-9k}\)

\(=\frac{9k}{-5k}\)

\(=-\frac{9}{5}\)

b. Thay `a-b=5` vào biểu thức `F`, ta được:

\(F=\frac{3a-\left(a-b\right)}{2a+b}-\frac{4b+\left(a-b\right)}{a+3b}\)

\(=\frac{3a-a+b}{2a+b}-\frac{4b+a-b}{a+3b}\)

\(=\frac{2a+b}{2a+b}-\frac{3b+a}{a+3b}\)

\(=1+1\)

\(=0\)

\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b+c-a=2a\\2c-b+a=2b\\2a+b-c=2c\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2b=c\\3b-2c=a\\3c-2a=b\end{matrix}\right.\text{ và }\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-c=2b\\3b-a=2c\\3c-b=2a\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{a\cdot b\cdot c}{2a\cdot2b\cdot3c}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

\(đk:a;b\ne\dfrac{5}{3}\)

\(\dfrac{3b-28}{3a-5}-\dfrac{38-3a}{5-3b}=\dfrac{3b-28}{3\left(11+b\right)-5}-\dfrac{38-3\left(11+b\right)}{5-3b}=1-1=0\)

Vì \(a,b,c>0\Rightarrow a+b+c\ne0\)

Áp dụng tc dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b+c-a=2a\\2c-b+a=2b\\2a+b-c=2c\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2b=c\\3b-2c=a\\3c-2a=b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-c=2b\\3b-a=2c\\3c-b=2a\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow P=\dfrac{abc}{2a\cdot2b\cdot2c}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(\text{VT}=\frac{a^3}{2b+3c}+\frac{b^3}{2c+3a}+\frac{c^3}{2a+3b}=\frac{a^4}{2ab+3ac}+\frac{b^4}{2bc+3ba}+\frac{c^4}{2ac+3bc}\)

\(\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{2ab+3ac+2bc+3ba+2ac+3bc}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{5(ab+bc+ac)}\)

Theo hệ quả của BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(a^2+b^2+c^2\geq ab+bc+ac\)

\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)(ab+bc+ac)}{5(ab+bc+ac)}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{5}\)

Ta có đpcm.

Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Ta có : \(\frac{4a-b}{3a+5}=\frac{3a+\left(a-b\right)}{3a+5}=\frac{3a+5}{3a+5}=1\)

            \(\frac{3b-a}{2b-5}=\frac{2b+b-a}{2b-5}=\frac{2b-a+b}{2b-5}=\frac{2b-\left(a-b\right)}{2b-5}=\frac{2b-5}{2b-5}=1\)

Nên : \(\frac{4a-b}{3a+5}+\frac{3b-a}{2b-5}=1+1=2\)

có nhiều cách, có thể là cách này

a-b=5 => a=b+5

=> \(\frac{4a-b}{3a+5}+\frac{3b-a}{2b-5}=\frac{4\left(b+5\right)-b}{3\left(b+5\right)+5}+\frac{3b-\left(b+5\right)}{2b-5}=\frac{4b+20-b}{3b+15+5}+\frac{3b-b-5}{2b-5}\)

\(=\frac{3b+20}{3b+20}+\frac{2b-5}{2b-5}=1+1=2\)

thay 5=a-b vào