\(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{16.25}{162.5}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+\dfrac{3}{2}Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^0}FeCl_3\)

\(......0.15......0.1\)

\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)

\(0.06...............0.48........................................0.15\)

\(m_{KMnO_4}=0.06\cdot158=9.48\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.48}{1}=0.48\left(l\right)=480\left(ml\right)\)

\(2Fe+ 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2FeCl_3\\ n_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{FeCl_3} = \dfrac{3}{2}.\dfrac{16,25}{162,5} = 0,15(mol)\\ 2KMnO_4 + 16HCl \to 2KCl + 2MnCl_2 + 5Cl_2 + 8H_2O\\ n_{KMnO_4} = \dfrac{2}{5}n_{Cl_2} = 0,06(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4} = 0,06.158 = 9,48(gam)\\ n_{HCl} = \dfrac{16}{4}n_{Cl_2} = 0,48(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,48}{1} = 0,48(lít) = 480(ml)\)

2Fe+ 3Cl2=(t⁰) 2FeCl3

n_FeCl3=16,25/162,5=0,1 mol => n_Cl2=3/2n_FeCl3=3/2.0,1=0,15 mol

2KMnO4+ 16HCl=2KCl+2MnCl2+5Cl2+8H2O

n_KMnO4=2/5.n_Cl2=2/5. 0,15=0,06 mol --> m_KMnO4=0.06. 158=9,48 g

n_HCl=16/5. n_Cl2=16/5. 0,15=0,48 mol 

--> VddHCl=0,48/ 1=0,48 lit= 480 ml

bít

Chọn C

\(n_P=\dfrac{12}{31}mol\)

\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

\(\dfrac{12}{21}\)\(\rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{5}{7}\)

Khối lượng \(KMnO_4\) cần dùng để thu lượng khí trên:

\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_2+MnO_2+O_2\)

\(\dfrac{10}{7}\)          \(\leftarrow\)                                    \(\dfrac{5}{7}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{10}{7}\cdot158=225,71g\)

Nếu không dùng \(KMnO_4\) mà dùng \(KClO_3\) để thu được khí đủ dùng trên:

\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)

\(\dfrac{10}{21}\)        \(\leftarrow\)               \(\dfrac{5}{7}\)

\(m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{10}{21}\cdot122,5=58,33g\)

nP = 12/31 (mol)

PTHH: 4P + 5O2 -> (to) 2P2O5

Mol: 12/31 ---> 15/31

2KMnO4 -> (to) K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2

nKMnO4 = 15/31 . 2 = 30/31 (mol)

mKMnO4 = 30/31 . 158 = 4740/31 (g)

PTHH: 2KClO3 -> (to, MnO2) 2KCl + 3O2

nKClO3 = 30/31 : 3 . 2 = 15/31 (mol)

mKClO3 = 15/31 . 122,5 = 3675/62 (g)

2Fe + 3Cl₂ --> 2FeCl₃ 

16,25 gam FeCl₃ tương đương với 0,1 mol FeCl₃ 

Từ phương trình ta thấy để tạo ra được 0,1 mol FeCl₃ thì số mol Cl₂ dùng để phản ứng = 0.1.3/2 = 0,15 mol

Điều chế Clo: MnO₂ + 4HCl --> MnCl₂  + Cl₂  + H₂O

Mà để điều chế 0,15 mol Cl₂ thì cần 0,15 mol MnO₂ tức 0,15.87=13,05 gam MnO₂ và 0,6 mol HCl =>  V_{HCl 1M} = 0,6 lít

Câu 1:

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.24,79=6,1975\left(l\right)\)

c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{10\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)

d, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,25.136}{16,25+182,5-0,25.2}.100\%\approx17,15\%\)

Câu 2:

a, \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

c, \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{40}{40}=1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)

d, \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,25}=2\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6.72}{22.4}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(.........0.6............0.3\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.6}{0.3}=2\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{48}{160}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2Fe+3H_2O\)

\(1..............3\)

\(0.3..........0.3\)

\(LTL:\dfrac{0.3}{1}>\dfrac{0.3}{3}\Rightarrow Fe_2O_3dư\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot0.3=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.2\cdot56=11.2\left(g\right)\)