\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(BaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O|\)

                1             2             1            1           1

                a            0,2                         1a

                \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O|\)

                       1            2              1          1           1

                       b           0,2                        1b

b) Gọi a là số mol của BaCO₃

           b là số mol của CaCO₃

\(m_{BaCO3}+m_{CaCO3}=29,7\left(g\right)\)

⇒ \(n_{BaCO3}.M_{BaCO3}+n_{CaCO3}.M_{BaCO3}=29,7g\)

⇒ 197a + 100b = 29,7g (1)

Theo phương trình : 1a + 1b = 0,2(2)

Từ (1),(2),ta có hệ phương trình : 

    197a + 100b = 29,7g

       1a + 1b = 0,2

      ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{BaCO3}=0,1.197=19,7\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{CaCO3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀BaCO₃ = \(\dfrac{19,7.100}{29,7}=66,33\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀CaCO₃ = \(\dfrac{10.100}{29,7}=33,67\)⁰/₀

c) \(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{20}=73\left(g\right)\)

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Đặt \(n_{Ca}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\)

\(\Rightarrow 40x+27y=12,05(1)\\ Ca+2HCl\to CaCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{CaCl_2}=x;n_{AlCl_3}=y\\ \Rightarrow 111x+133,5y=42,225(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,2(mol);y=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{12,05}.100\%=66,39\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=100\%-66,39\%=33,61\%\\ b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2x+3y=0,85(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,85.36,5}{120}.100\%=25,85\%\)

a)

$2K + 2H_2O \to 2KOH + H_2$
$BaO + H_2O \to Ba(OH)_2$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_K = 2n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)$
$\%m_K = \dfrac{0,2.39}{23,1}.100\% = 33,77\%$

$\%m_{BaO} = 100\%- 33,77\% = 66,23\%$

b)

$n_{BaO} = \dfrac{23,1 - 0,2.39}{153} = 0,1(mol)$

$m_{dd} = 23,1 + 177,1 - 0,1.2 = 200(gam)$
$C\%_{KOH} = \dfrac{0,2.56}{200}.100\% = 5,6\%$

$C\%_{Ba(OH)_2} = \dfrac{0,1.171}{200}.100\% = 8,55\%$

c)

$KOH + HCl \to KCl + H_2O$
$Ba(OH)_2 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + 2H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Ba(OH)_2} + n_{KOH} = 0,4(mol)$
$V = \dfrac{0,4}{0,5} = 0,8(lít) = 800(ml)$

a, Ta có: 27n_Al + 56n_Fe = 22 (1)

PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{19,832}{24,79}=0,8\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,4.27}{22}.100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6}{0,5}=3,2\left(M\right)\)

Zn+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2

ZnO+2HCl->ZnCl2+H2O

nH2=0.2(mol)->nZn=0.2(mol).mZn=13(g)

mZnO=21.1-13=8.1(g)

nZnO=0.1(mol)

Tổng nHCl cần dùng:0.2*2+0.1*2=0.6(mol)

mHCl=21.9(g)

C%ddHCl=21.9:200*100=10.95%

n muối=0.2+.1=0.3(mol)

m muối=40.8(g)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

            \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot24}{16}=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16\cdot25\%}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=1,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{20\%}=219\left(g\right)\)

c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,5\cdot2=1\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,6\cdot95=57\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{hhA}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=234\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{57}{234}\cdot100\%\approx24,36\%\)

Câu 5 : 

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a) Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)

            1           2             1           1

           0,1       0,2           0,1         0,1

         \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)

             1           2              1             1

           0,15       0,3          0,15

a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{MgO}=8,4-2,4=6\left(g\right)\)

⁰/₀Mg = \(\dfrac{2,4.100}{8,4}=28,57\)⁰/₀

⁰/₀MgO = \(\dfrac{6.100}{8,4}=71,43\)⁰/₀

b) Có : \(m_{MgO}=6\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{6}{40}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,2+0,3=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25.100}{3,65}=500\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{MgCl2\left(tổng\right)}=0,1+0,15=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,15.95=14,25\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=8,4+500-\left(0,1.2\right)=508,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{14,25.100}{508,2}=2,8\)⁰/₀

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