A=1/2+1/3+..+1/2019 < 1>

A= 1+1/2+1/3+..+1/2019 < 1>

A=1+1/2+1/3+..+1/2019 <1>

A=1+1/2+1/3+..+1/2019 <2018>

Vì 2018/2019 <1>

nên A=1/2+1/3+..+1/2019<1>

=> A=1/2+1/3+..+1/2019 không phải là số tự nhiên.

Có thể làm như sau

Ta thấy \(\dfrac{1}{51}< \dfrac{1}{50}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{52}< \dfrac{1}{50}\)

.......

\(\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{50}\)

=> A = \(\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}< \dfrac{1}{50}.50=1\)

Lại có

\(\dfrac{1}{51}>\dfrac{1}{100}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{52}>\dfrac{1}{100}\)

.......

\(\dfrac{1}{99}>\dfrac{1}{100}\)

=> A = \(\dfrac{1}{51}+\dfrac{1}{52}+\dfrac{1}{53}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}>\dfrac{1}{100}.50=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

=> \(\dfrac{1}{2}< A< 1\)

Vậy A không phải số tự nhiên

\(S=\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{9}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)+...+\left(1-\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)\\ S=\left(1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)\\ S=n-1-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)< n-1\)

Lại có \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+..+\dfrac{1}{n^2}=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n-1\right)}< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}=1-\dfrac{1}{n}< 1\)

\(\Rightarrow S>n-1-1=n-2\\ \Rightarrow n-2< S< n-1\\ \Rightarrow S\notin N\)