\(S\le\frac{a}{2a+2b+2c}+\frac{b}{2a+2b+2c}+\frac{c}{2a+2b+2c}=\frac{1}{2}\)

\(S_{max}=\frac{1}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(a^2+2b^2+3=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2\ge2ab+2b+2=2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)

Tương tự ...

\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(ca+a+1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{abc+bc+c}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{bc}{ca.bc+a.bc+bc}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{1+bc+c}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{bc}{c+1+bc}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c+1+bc}{1+bc+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(P_{max}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(M\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1+1\right)^2}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=\frac{16}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}\) ( bdt Cauchy dạng Engel)

Mặt khác, có \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\le4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)\le16\) ( bdt Bunykovski)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+d\le4\)

\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{16}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}\ge\frac{16}{12}=\frac{4}{3}\)

Dấu "=" : x =y =z = 1

2. Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) :

\(B=\frac{x}{x+x+y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y+y+z}+\frac{z}{x+y+z+z}\) \(=x\cdot\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}+y\cdot\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)}+z\cdot\frac{1}{\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot x\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)+\frac{1}{4}y\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)+\frac{1}{4}z\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow B\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)

Giải hộ mình với mn

1. Áp dụng bđt Cauchy và bđt quen thuộc \(4ab\le\left(a+b\right)^2\) ta có:

\(D=\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{a+b}{4ab}+\frac{3\left(a+b\right)}{4ab}\) \(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a+b}\cdot\frac{a+b}{4ab}}+\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow D\ge1+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)

\(Q\le\sqrt{3\left(2a+2b+2c+ab+bc+ca\right)}\)

\(Q\le\sqrt{3\left(4+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\right)}=4\)

\(Q_{max}=4\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a;b;c\ge0\\a+b+c=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow0\le a;b;c\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(a-1\right)\le0\Rightarrow a^2\le a\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2a^2+3a+4}=\sqrt{a^2+a^2+3a+4}\le\sqrt{a^2+a+3a+4}=a+2\)

Tương tự và cộng lại:

\(\Rightarrow M\le a+2+b+2+c+2=7\)

\(M_{max}=7\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị

Ta có đánh giá sau: \(a^2-\frac{3}{a}\le5a-7\) \(\forall a\in\left(0;3\right)\)

Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương:

\(a^3-5a^2+7a-3\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2\left(a-3\right)\le0\) (luôn đúng \(\forall a\in\left(0;3\right)\)

Tương tự ta có: \(b^2-\frac{3}{b}\le5b-7\); \(c^3-\frac{3}{c}\le5c-7\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(P\le5\left(a+b+c\right)-21=-6\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=-6\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)