Áp dụng  \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\) và \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

\(N\ge\dfrac{a^2b}{c}+\dfrac{b^2c}{a}+\dfrac{c^2a}{b}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(a\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c}}+b\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a}}+c\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}\right)^2=3\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab^2+b^2}{b^2+1}\ge\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab^2+b^2}{2b}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)

Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:

\(VT\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{a+b+c+ab+bc+ac}{2}\)

\(\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{a+b+c+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{2}\)

\(\ge3+3-\frac{3+\frac{3^2}{3}}{2}=3\)

\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

Giả sử điều cần c/m là đúng

Ta có : \(a+b+c\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge3\left(\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}{a+b+c}\) ( do \(a+b+c=abc\) )

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\ge3\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+ac+bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2ac+2bc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\ge0\) ( điều này luôn đúng )

\(\Rightarrow\) Điều giả sử là đúng

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)

Ta có: \(a+1-\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=\frac{ab^2+b^2}{b^2+1}\le\frac{ab^2+b^2}{2b}=\frac{ab}{2}+\frac{b}{2}\) vì \(b^2+1\ge2b\)

nên \(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}\ge a+1-\frac{b}{2}-\frac{ab}{2}\) Tương tự: 

Vậy ta có: \(VT\ge a+b+c+3-\frac{a+b+c}{2}-\frac{1}{2}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

Vì \(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{9}{3}=3\)

nên \(VT\ge3+\frac{a+b+c}{2}-\frac{1}{2}3=3+\frac{3}{2}-\frac{3}{2}=3=VP\)

1) Trước hết ta đi chứng minh BĐT : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)  với \(a,b>0\) (1) 

Thật vậy : BĐT  (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)  ( luôn đúng )

Vì vậy BĐT (1) đúng.

Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có:

\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

                                                                 \(=\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left[2.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh !

Bài 1 : 

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\\\frac{1}{b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\\\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\end{cases}}\)

Cộng theo từng vế 

\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm)

2 )

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cacuchy - Schwarz :
\(VT=\frac{a^4}{a^2b}+\frac{b^4}{b^2c}+\frac{c^4}{c^2a}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}\left(1\right)\)

Vì \(a+b+c=1\)nên 

\(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(=\left(a^3++ab^2+b^3+bc^2+c^3+ca^2\right)+\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

Áp dụng AM - GM 

\(a^3+ab^2\ge2a^2b\). Tương tự cho 2 cặp còn lại suy ra 

\(a^3+b^3+c^3+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\ge2\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

15.

Ta  có \(a+b+c+ab+bc+ac=6\)

Mà \(ab+bc+ac\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

=> \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)-6\ge0\)

=> \(a+b+c\ge3\)

\(A=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\)(ĐPCM)

Bài 18, Đặt \(\left(a^2-bc;b^2-ca;c^2-ab\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\) thì bđt trở thành

\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3xyz\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\ge0\)

Vì \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)nên ta đi chứng minh \(x+y+z\ge0\)

Thật vậy \(x+y+z=a^2-bc+b^2-ca+c^2-ab\)

                                     \(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\)(đúng)

Tóm lại bđt được chứng minh

Dấu "=": tại a=b=c

17)Em sửa đề chút ạ, sai mong cô bỏ qua: CMR: \(a+2b+c\ge...\)

Ta có: \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2xy\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)(*)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức (*) ta được: \(4\left(b+c\right)\left(1-c\right)\le\left(b+c+1-c\right)^2=\left(b+1\right)^2\)(1)

Từ a+b+c=1 \(\Rightarrow1-a=b+c\)Khi đó:

\(4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)=4\left(b+c\right)\left(1-c\right)\left(1-b\right)\)

Kết hợp với (1) suy ra:

\(4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le\left(b+1\right)^2\left(1-b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le\left(1-b^2\right)\left(1+b\right)\le1.\left(1+b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le1+b=a+b+c+b=a+2b+c\left(đpcm\right)\)

\(a^2+1+b^2+1+c^2+1\ge2a+2b+2c\)

\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2\ge2ab+2bc+2ca\)

Cộng vế với vế:

\(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+3\ge2\left(a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)

Ta có:

\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ca}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có:

\(\frac{a^3}{b^3}+\frac{b^3}{c^3}+\frac{c^3}{a^3}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{b^3}\cdot\frac{b^3}{c^3}\cdot\frac{c^3}{a^3}}=3\)

Xảy ra khi a=b=c

Thế là done cái điều kiện thừa :v