Câu 19: B

Câu 20: A

a) Có:

 \(a+b+c=0\\\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=0\\ \Leftrightarrow2ab+2bc+2ca=-1\\ \Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2=\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2=\dfrac{1}{4}-0=\dfrac{1}{4} \)

câu (b) cho đa thức P (x) = cái gì?

1 ) \(\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x^2+1=0\\x^2+5=0\end{array}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x^2=-1\\x^2=-5\end{array}\right.\) loại ( vì \(x^2\ge0\) )

Vậy không có giá trị nào thõa mãn .

2 ) \(4x\left(5x-1\right)+10x.\left(2-2x\right)=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow20x^2-4x+20x-20x^2=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow16x=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

3 ) \(\left(100-a\right)\left(100-b\right)\)

      \(=10000-100b-100a-ab\)

      \(=100\left(100-a-b\right)-ab\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-1\)

\(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow4\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow-2\le a+b\le2\)

\(4ab\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\Leftrightarrow4ab\le4\Leftrightarrow ab\le1\)

\(A=\left(3-a\right)\left(3-b\right)=9-3a-3b+ab=9-3\left(a+b\right)+ab\le9+3.2+1=16\)

\(A_{max}=16\Leftrightarrow a=b=-1\)

\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=4\Rightarrow-2\le a+b\le2\)

\(P=9-3\left(a+b\right)+ab=9-3\left(a+b\right)+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}\)

\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2-3\left(a+b\right)+8\)

Đặt \(a+b=x\Rightarrow-2\le x\le2\)

\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2-3x+8=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)+4\)

Do \(-2\le x\le2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2\le0\\x-4< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge4\Rightarrow P_{min}=4\) khi \(x=2\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)

\(P=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+2\right)\left(x-8\right)+16\)

Do \(-2\le x\le2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2\ge0\\x-8< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+2\right)\left(x-8\right)\le0\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le16\Rightarrow P_{max}=16\) khi \(x=-2\Leftrightarrow a=b=-1\)

Ta có:a:b=2,24:3,36\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}\)

Đặt \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=k\Rightarrow a=2k,b=3k\)

Mà a²:b=2

Hay (2k)²:3k=2

4k²:3k=2

\(\frac{4}{3}k=2\)

\(k=\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{3}{2}\cdot2=3,b=\frac{3}{2}\cdot3=4,5\)

Vậy cặp giá trị (a,b) là (3;4,5)

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=9\Rightarrow-3\le a+b+c\le3\)

\(S=a+b+c+\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a+b+c-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Đặt \(a+b+c=x\Rightarrow-3\le x\le3\)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}x^2+x-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)

\(S_{min}=-2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=-1\\a^2+b^2+c^2=3\end{matrix}\right.\) (có vô số bộ a;b;c thỏa mãn)

\(S=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+2x-15\right)+6=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x-3\right)\left(x+5\right)+6\le6\)

\(S_{max}=6\) khi \(x=3\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)