A và B có phần mẫu số bằng nhau mà tử A có 10^2023 lớn hơn B có 10^2022 => A > B

10^2023>10^2022

=>10^2023+5>10^2022+5

=>A>B

\(\dfrac{1}{10}A=\dfrac{10^{2023}+5}{10^{2023}+50}=1-\dfrac{45}{10^{2023}+50}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{10}B=\dfrac{10^{2022}+5}{10^{2022}+50}=1-\dfrac{45}{10^{2022}+50}\)

10^2023+50>10^2022+50

=>-45/10^2023+50<-45/10^2020+50

=>1/10A<1/10B

=>A<B

A = \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2022}{50^8}\)

A = \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{50^8}\) +  \(\dfrac{1}{50^8}\)

B = \(\dfrac{2023}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{5^8}\) = \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{50^8}\)

Vì: \(\dfrac{1}{50^{10}}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{50^8}\) nên \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{50^8}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{50^{10}}\)  < \(\dfrac{2022}{50^{10}}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{50^8}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{50^8}\)

Vậy A > B

Lời giải:
$10A=\frac{10^{2021}-10}{10^{2021}-1}=\frac{10^{2021}-1-9}{10^{2021}-1}$

$=1-\frac{9}{10^{2021}-1}>1$

$10B=\frac{10^{2022}+10}{10^{2022}+1}=\frac{10^{2022}+1+9}{10^{2022}+1}$

$=1+\frac{9}{10^{2022}+1}<1$

$\Rightarrow 10A> 1> 10B$

Suy ra $A> B$

Ta có:

\(10A=\dfrac{10\left(10^{2020}+1\right)}{10^{2021}+1}=\dfrac{10^{2021}+10}{10^{2021}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2021}+1}\)

\(10B=\dfrac{10\left(10^{2021}+1\right)}{10^{2022}+1}=\dfrac{10^{2022}+10}{10^{2022}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\)

⇒ \(10A>10B\) ( vì \(\dfrac{9}{10^{2021}+1}>\dfrac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\) )

Suy ra:  \(A>B\)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{10^{2023}}{10^{2024}}=\dfrac{10^{2022}}{10^{2023}}\)

mà \(\dfrac{10^{2023}}{10^{2024}}>\dfrac{10^{2023}-3}{10^{2024}-3}\)

     \(\dfrac{10^{2022}}{10^{2023}}< \dfrac{10^{2022}+1}{10^{2023}+1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{10^{2023}-3}{10^{2024}-3}< \dfrac{10^{2022}+1}{10^{2023}+1}\)

Trước hết ta phải chứng minh \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+1}{b+1}\) (a, b ϵ N; a < b).

Thật vậy, \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a\left(b+1\right)}{b\left(b+1\right)}=\dfrac{a+ab}{b^2+b}\) và \(\dfrac{a+1}{b+1}=\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)b}{\left(b+1\right)b}=\dfrac{ab+b}{b^2+b}\).

Mà theo giả thuyết là a < b nên \(\dfrac{a+ab}{b^2+b}< \dfrac{ab+b}{b^2+b}\), suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+1}{b+1}\) (a, b ϵ N; a < b).

Từ đây ta có:

\(B=\dfrac{2022^{2022}+1}{2022^{2023}+1}=\dfrac{2022^{2023}+2022}{2022^{2024}+2022}=\dfrac{2022^{2023}+2021+1}{2022^{2024}+2021+1}\)

Đặt \(A_1=\dfrac{2022^{2023}+2}{2022^{2024}+2}=\dfrac{2022^{2023}+1+1}{2022^{2024}+1+1}\), rõ ràng \(A_1>A\).

Đặt \(A_2=\dfrac{2022^{2023}+3}{2022^{2024}+3}=\dfrac{2022^{2023}+2+1}{2022^{2024}+2+1}\), rõ ràng \(A_2>A_1\).

...

Đặt \(A_{2020}=\dfrac{2022^{2023}+2021}{2022^{2024}+2021}=\dfrac{2022^{2023}+2020+1}{2022^{2024}+2020+1}\), rõ ràng \(A_{2020}>A_{2019}\) và \(B>A_{2020}\).

Suy ra \(B>A_{2020}>A_{2019}>...>A_2>A_1>A\). Vậy A < B.

Ta có A = \(\dfrac{2022^{2023}}{2022^{2024}}=\dfrac{1}{2022}\) ; B = \(\dfrac{2022^{2022}}{2022^{2023}}=\dfrac{1}{2022}\)

Mà \(\dfrac{1}{2022}=\dfrac{1}{2022}\)

Vậy A = B

\(10A=\dfrac{10^{2023}+10}{10^{2023}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2023}+1}\)

\(10B=\dfrac{10^{2022}+10}{10^{2022}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{2022}+1}\)

2023>2022

=>10^2023+1>10^2022+1

=>10A<10B

=>A<B

b) \(M=\dfrac{10^{2023}+1}{10^{2024}+1}< 1\) ( Vì tử < mẫu )

Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{10^{2023}+1}{10^{2024}+1}< \dfrac{10^{2023}+1+9}{10^{2024}+1+9}=\dfrac{10^{2023}+10}{10^{2024}+10}=\dfrac{10.\left(10^{2022}+1\right)}{10.\left(10^{2023}+1\right)}=\dfrac{10^{2022}+1}{10^{2023}+1}=N\)

Vì \(\dfrac{10^{2023}+1}{10^{2024}+1}< \dfrac{10^{2022}+1}{10^{2023}+1}\) nên \(M< N\)