So sánh:
1) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) và \(\dfrac{1}{1+2\sqrt{2}}\)
2)\(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2025}\) và \(\sqrt{2026}+\sqrt{2024}\)
Tính S=\(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{4\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{4}}+...+\dfrac{1}{2025\sqrt{2024}+2024\sqrt{2025}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{[\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}].[\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}]}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)^2-n^2\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n}}{n}-\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}}{n+1}\)
=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Áp dụng ta có S=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2024}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2025}}=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2025}}=1-\dfrac{1}{45}=\dfrac{44}{45}\)
Ta có công thức tổng quát:
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}\left(\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}\left(n+1-n\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}.\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{4\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{4}}+...+\dfrac{1}{2025\sqrt{2024}+2024\sqrt{2025}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2024}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2025}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2025}}=1-\dfrac{1}{45}=\dfrac{44}{45}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{2025\sqrt{2024}+2024\sqrt{2025}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}}+.....+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2025}+\sqrt{2026}}\)
ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{5}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2025}+\sqrt{2026}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{4}\right)\left(\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}\right)}+...+\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{2026}-\sqrt{2025}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{2026}+\sqrt{2025}\right)\left(\sqrt{2026}-\sqrt{2025}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{4}+...+\sqrt{2026}-\sqrt{2025}\)
\(=-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2026}\)
Cho A=\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)+....+\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2025}}\)
Chứng minh rằng 2(\(\sqrt{2026}\)-\(\sqrt{2}\)) <A>88
SO SÁNH 45 VỚI S
\(S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2025}-\sqrt{2024}}\)
\(S=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2025}-\sqrt{2024}}\)
Ta nhận xét thấy mỗi số hạng trong S đều dương. Từ đó ta đặt
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2024}-\sqrt{2023}}\left(A>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=A+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2025}-\sqrt{2024}}=A+\frac{\sqrt{2025}+\sqrt{2024}}{\left(\sqrt{2025}-\sqrt{2024}\right)\left(\sqrt{2025}+\sqrt{2024}\right)}\)
\(=A+\sqrt{2025}+\sqrt{2024}>\sqrt{2025}=45\)
Vậy \(S>45\)
PS: Phan Thanh Tịnh xem lại bài giải nhé bạn
Ta có : 1 = (n + 1) - n =\(\left(\sqrt{n+1}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{n}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{n+1}\right)^2-\sqrt{n+1}.\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}.\sqrt{n}+\left(\sqrt{n}\right)^2\)
\(=\sqrt{n+1}.\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)+\sqrt{n}.\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}\right)\left(\sqrt{n-1}+\sqrt{n}\right)\)\
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}=\sqrt{n+1}+\sqrt{n}\)
Áp dụng vào bài toán,ta có :
\(S=\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{2025}-\sqrt{2024}=\sqrt{2025}\)= 45
Vậy S = 45
Cho P= \(\dfrac{1-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)và Q= \((\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{3x+4}{x-4}).(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2}+1)\)
a) Rút gọn Q
b) Gọi M=P.Q. so sánh M và \(\sqrt{M}\)
a: ĐKXĐ: x>=0; x<>4
\(Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)+2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)-3x-4}{x-4}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2+2}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+2x+4\sqrt{x}-3x-4}{x-4}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-4}{x-4}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)
b: \(M=P\cdot Q=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+2}\cdot\dfrac{1-5\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(1-5\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(M\left(M-1\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(1-5\sqrt{x}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5x-x-3\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(1-5\sqrt{x}\right)\left(-6x-2\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(5\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(6x+2\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)^2\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}\)
TH1: M>=căn M
=>M^2>=M
=>M^2-M>=0
=>5*căn x-1>=0
=>x>=1/25 và x<>4
TH2: M<căn M
=>5căn x-1<0
=>x<1/25
Kết hợp ĐKXĐ, ta được: 0<=x<1/25
So sánh A và B biết :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{120}+\sqrt{121}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}\)
Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{120}+\sqrt{121}}\)
\(=-1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-...-\sqrt{120}+11\)
=10
Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}}+...+\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{35}+\sqrt{35}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}+\sqrt{36}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-...-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{35}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{36}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< 2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< -\dfrac{5}{3}< 10=A\)
a, tính GT của đa thức \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^4-3x+1\right)^{2016}\) tại \(x=9-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{4}-\sqrt{5}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{4}+\sqrt{5}}}\)
b, so sánh \(\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}và\dfrac{2.2016}{\sqrt{2017^2-1}-\sqrt{2016^2-1}}\)
c, tính GTBT: \(sinx.cosx+\dfrac{sin^2x}{1+cotx}+\dfrac{cos^2x}{1+tanx}\)
d, biết \(\sqrt{5}\) là số hữu tỉ, hãy tìm các số nguyên a,b tm::
\(\dfrac{2}{a+b\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{3}{a-b\sqrt{5}}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\)
a.
\(x=9-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9-4\sqrt{5}}{4}}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\dfrac{9+4\sqrt{5}}{4}}}\\ x=9-\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-2}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+2}{2}}\\ x=9-\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}-2}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{5}+2}\right)=9-8=1\\ \Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=f\left(1\right)=\left(1-1+1\right)^{2016}=1\)
c.
\(=\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^2x}{1+\dfrac{\cos x}{\sin x}}+\dfrac{\cos^2x}{1+\dfrac{\sin x}{\cos x}}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^2x}{\dfrac{\sin x+\cos x}{\sin x}}+\dfrac{\cos^2x}{\dfrac{\sin x+\cos x}{\cos x}}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\sin^3x}{\sin x+\cos x}+\dfrac{\cos^3x}{\sin x+\cos x}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x+\dfrac{\left(\sin x+\cos x\right)\left(\sin^2x-\sin x\cdot\cos x+\cos^2x\right)}{\sin x+\cos x}\\ =\sin x\cdot\cos x-\sin x\cdot\cos x+\sin^2x+\cos^2x\\ =1\)
d.
\(\dfrac{2}{a+b\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{3}{a-b\sqrt{5}}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-a-5b\sqrt{5}}{\left(a+b\sqrt{5}\right)\left(a-b\sqrt{5}\right)}=-9-20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+5b\sqrt{5}}{a^2-5b^2}=9+20\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(9+20\sqrt{5}\right)\left(a^2-5b^2\right)=a+5b\sqrt{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(a^2-5b^2\right)+\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2\right)-5b\sqrt{5}=a\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2-5b\right)=9a^2-45b^2+a\)
Vì \(\sqrt{5}\) vô tỉ nên để \(\sqrt{5}\left(20a^2-100b^2-5b\right)\) nguyên thì
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}20a^2-100b^2-5b=0\\9a^2-45b^2+a=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}180a^2-900b^2-45b=0\\180a^2-900b^2+20a=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow20a+45b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4a+9b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-\dfrac{9}{4}b\\ \Leftrightarrow9a^2-45b^2+a=\dfrac{729}{16}b^2-45b^2-\dfrac{9}{4}b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{16}b^2-\dfrac{9}{4}b=0\\ \Leftrightarrow b\left(\dfrac{9}{16}b-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}b=0\\b=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\\a=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(0;0\right)\left(loại\right)\)
Vậy \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(9;4\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}}+\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2025\sqrt{2024}+2024\sqrt{2025}}\)