B1:

2NaOH+H₂SO₄\(\rightarrow\)Na₂SO₄+2H₂O

n_NaOH=\(\frac{4}{40}=0.1\)mol

=>n_H2SO4=\(\frac{1}{2}\)n_NaOH=0.05 mol

=>C_M=\(\frac{n_{H2SO42}}{V}\)=\(\frac{0.05}{200}\)=2,5.10^-4 (M)

B2:

Mg+\(\frac{1}{2}\)O₂\(\underrightarrow{t^0}\)MgO                (1)

MgO+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl₂+H₂O (2)

n_Mg(1)=\(\frac{0,36}{24}=0,015mol\)

=>n_MgO(1)=0,015=n_MgO(2)

n_HCl(2)=2n_MgO(2)=0,03mol

=>C_M(HCl)=\(\frac{n_{HCl}}{V}=\frac{0,03}{100}=3.10^{-4}M\)

Đề câu 2 sao khỏi làm đi

- Thấy Cu không phản ứng với HCl .

\(\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Cu}=6,4\left(g\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

.x.......................................1,5x.........

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

.y....................................y.............

Theo bài ra ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y+6,4=17,4\\1,5x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) ( mol )

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=5,4\\m_{Fe}=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\) ( g )

b, \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)

.......0,1.........0,2...............................

\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3NaCl\)

...0,2.......0,6..........................

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,2+0,6=0,8< 1\)

=> Trong B còn có HCl dư .

\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

...0,2..........0,2....................

=> Dư 0,2 mol HCl .

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+0,2=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddB}=17,4+250-6,4-0,8=260,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{260,2}.100\%\approx2,8\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}\approx4,88\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}\approx10,26\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ....

PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

a+b) Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{ZnSO_4}\) 

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)=C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}\)

c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3mol\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

d) Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2mol\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{4,55}{65}=0,07(mol)\\ Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ a,n_{HCl}=0,14(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,14}{0,2}=0,7M\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,07.22,4=1,568(l)\\ c,n_{ZnCl_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,07.136=9,52(g)\\ c,ZnCl_2+2AgNO_3\to 2AgCl\downarrow+Zn(NO_3)_2\)

\(m_{dd_{ZnCl_2}}=200.0,8+4,55-0,07.2=164,41(g)\\ n_{AgCl}=0,14(mol);n_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=0,07(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Zn(NO_3)_2}=\dfrac{0,07.189}{164,41+200-0,14.143,5}.100\%=3,84%\)

\(a,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl₂ + H₂

          0,2-->0,4--------->0,2--->0,2

=> V = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

b, Thiếu V dd

\(c,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)