Exercise 1:

You can choose one of these natural disasters to learn more about:

(Bạn có thể chọn một trong những thiên tai dưới đây để tìm hiểu thêm:)

- volcanic eruption (núi lửa phun trào)

- flood (lũ lụt)

- earthquake (động đất)

- landslide (sạt lở đất)

- tornado (lốc xoáy)

- cyclone (bão)

- hurricane / storm (bão nhiệt đới)

- tsunami (sóng thần)

Exercise 3:

Exercise 4:

A flood happens when water overflows or soaks land that is normally dry. There are few places on Earth where people don’t need to be concerned about flooding. Generally, floods take hours or even days to develop, giving residents time to prepare or evacuate. Sometimes, floods develop quickly and with little warning.

A flood usually happens in rainy seasons and it frequently occurs in lowlands, urban areas, areas near rivers or sloping and mountainous area.

Floods are naturally occuring weather events: heavy rain, high tides, cyclones, tidal waves, snow melt.

Flood has many bad impacts. Floods claim more lives than any other severe weather event and cause great damage. According to a report at the end of 2022 in Vietnam, flood claimed 175 lives and nearly 20000 hectares of newly-grown rice, crops and annually were damaged. Also, it was estimated that our country lost nearly 20000 billion dong. Flood also brings waterborne disease. As flood water spreads, it carries disease. Flood victims can be left for weeks without clean water for drinking or hygiene. This can lead to outbreaks of deadly diseases like typhoid, malaria, hepatitis A, and cholera.

So what should people do before, during, and after it happens? Before flood happens, we should prepare an emergency kit in case there is a electric cut. Remember to protect your properties in waterproof containers and put it above in a high place. Also, listen to the local warning and information about the flood on the TV or radio. During a flood, stay inside a safe and high place,  follow the routes specified by officials. And remember to leave a note informing others when you left and where you went. After a flood, avoid moving water and stay on firm place. Return home only when authorities indicate it is safe.

Tạm dịch: 

Một trận lũ xảy ra khi nước tràn vào hoặc ngập vùng đất thường khô ráo. Có vài nơi trên Trái Đất mà người ta không cần phải lo lắng về lũ lụt. Thường thì, lũ cần vài giờ hoặc thậm chí vài ngày để tạo thành, để dân cư có cơ hội chuẩn bị hoặc di tản. Đôi khi, lũ hình thành nhanh chóng và có ít cảnh báo. Một trận lũ thường xảy ra vào mùa mưa và nó thường xảy ra ở những vùng đất thấp, vùng đô thị hoặc các vùng đất gần sông hoặc vùng núi dốc. Lũ thường xảy ra theo những hiện thượng sau: mưa to, triều cường, bão, sóng lớn, tuyết tan. Lũ có nhiều ảnh hưởng xấu. Lũ khiến nhiều người thiệt mạng hơn những sự kiện thời tiết cực đoan khác và gây ra thiệt hại hơn. Theo một báo cáo năm 2022 ở Việt Nam, lũ lụt đã cướp đi mạng sống của 175 người, phá hủy gần 20 nghìn héc ta lúa mới gieo, hoa màu và cây hằng năm. Và người ta cũng ước tính được là nước ta thiệt hại gần 20 nghìn tỷ đồng. Lũ còn đem đến những bệnh truyền nhiễm liên quan đến nguồn nước: Khi mà nước lũ lan rộng. Nó mang theo bệnh tật. Những nạn nhân của trận lũ có thể bị bỏ rơi nhiều tuần mà không có nước sạch để tắm giặt hay vệ sinh. Điều đó có thể dẫn đến sự bùng nổ của nhiều căn bệnh chết người như thương hàn, sốt rét, viêm gan A và dịch tả. Vậy thì người ta nên làm gì trước, trong và sau bão? Trước cơn bão thì bạn nên chuẩn bị một bộ dụng cụ khẩn cấp phòng khi bị cúp điện. Nhớ đặt tài sản vào các thùng chống nước và đặt ở nơi cao ráo. Và hãy nghe những cảnh báo và thông tin về cơn lũ trên đài radio hoặc ti vi. Trong khi bão, ở trong nơi an toàn và cao ráo, làm theo những quy trình của các cơ quan có thẩm quyền. Và nhớ để lại lời nhắn cho những người khác khi nào bạn rời đi và đi đâu. Sau khi lũ thì nhớ tránh các dòng nước đang chảy và đứng ở trên những nền đất ổn định. Và chỉ được đi về nhà khi bão thực sự tan.

Dear....

Today, in Vietnam often encountered many natural disasters such as floods, droughts, hail, tropical storms and other natural disasters. These are the most frightening things people are concerned about. Tropical storms often occur and cause most harm. It usually occurs in the rainy season and occurs most often in central Vietnam and coastal areas. It causes a lot of damage to people and property. First, killing people, livestock and poultry by the flood. Second, crop loss due to flooding. Humans become homeless and lose all their possessions. and many other damages caused by the storm. To prevent and fight against tropical storms, before it takes place, we must make preventive dikes, prepare adequate tools and food and other necessities. When storms occur, people must find safe shelters not to go out. After that, we have to overcome what hurricanes destroy, such as rebuilding houses, and many other things, if we live in that area, we should plant trees, protect the environment and many other practical thíng.

Your friend .......

Topic 2:Saving energy

Topic 1: Write about types of pollution.

P/s : Chi 1 cai o nhiem thoi ...

Nowadays there are a lot of types of pollution such as : air pollution, water pollution, visual pollution .... and noise pollution. Noise pollution is constant and loud sound. To measure the loudness, or volumn of sounds , people use a unit called a decibel. When a sound is louder than 70 decibels, it can cause noise pollution. Do you know that the noise from a vacuum cleaner or motorcycle can result in permanent hearing loss after eight hours ? The sounds of a concert are even more serious. Noise pollution can also lead to headaches and high blood pressure. If you are listening to music throughout headphones, and other people can hear it, it means the music is too loud and unsafe.

=> Bai nay co tao rut tu trg bai skills , co them y, cai nay thieu giai phap, tu xu.

Topic 2 : Talk about natural diasters and ways to prepare for them.

Today, there are more and more natural disasters that most people affect. In my opinion, we can't prevent natural disaster but we can have some preparation for them. There are many types of natural disasters but typhoon is a popular in our country. Firstly, typhoon is a tropical storm with wind and heavy rain. When it strike, it can weak havoc across large areas and effect lot of life or extensive damage to property . Flood can be happened by long heavy rain and people also can be became homeless. Last year lots of people were seriously injure in a typhoon. Natural disasters are also very dangerous but we also have some simple preparation . The first step is learnt about the risk in your area and read the information about natural disasters on gorvernment site. Next, find out that the rescue and emergency workers advice. It 's also important that you put together emergency supply it and should include food, water, medicine, document, and some money. Finally , plan safe places to meet your family and get to know the evacuation routes and shelter. In short, everyone sholuld protect environment to reduce this natural disasters.

3) Talk about ways of communication now and in the future.

Communication is a neccesary for eberyone. In present , there are three basic forms of communication: verbal, non-verbal and multimedia.

First, verbal ( meeting F2F) is a important way of communication help you success. I like hanging out with my friends and my friends and when I meet F2F with them I feel very confident. It explains why I can speak English easily. Let ' s try! You will have a great time. Secondly, you have a different thing to say non- verbal ( using signs ) will be a good choice. For example, you make your mother sad , you can use a sign to say ' sorry ' to her. Thirdly, with develop of science and technology , many multimedia appear such as video chatting , emailing,... You can know more information despite you still stay at home. But in the future, we can use telepathy or holography. Telepathy uses a tiny device place into our head. We will be communicating just by thought over the network. Holography will help us in our work. Even though, I prefer to chat with my friends. Life is more meaningful that way !
Khủng bố , :(((

vl cho cái mỗi thứ 1 cái

Bài 4,5 mk gửi cho bn rồi đó !!!

1.Pollution enters the Earth's atmosphere in many different ways. Most air pollution is created by people, taking the form of emissions from factories, cars, planes, or aerosol cans. Second-hand cigarette smoke is also considered air pollution. These man-made sources of pollution are called anthropogenic sources.
Some types of air pollution, such as smoke from wildfires or ash from volcanoes, occur naturally. These are called natural sources.

2.Every time we drive to school, use our heater or air conditioner, clean our windows, or even style our hair, we make choices that affect air pollution. These steps, as well as many others, are things we all can do to help reduce air pollution.

Conserve energy – remember to turn off lights, computers, and electric appliances when not in use. Use energy efficient light bulbs and appliances. Participate in your local utility’s energy conservation programs. Limit driving by carpooling, using public transportation, biking and walking. Combine errands for fewer trips. Keep your automobile well tuned and maintained. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions on routine maintenance, such as changing the oil and filters, and checking tire pressure and wheel alignment. Avoid excessive idling of your automobile.

3.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). This form of environmental degradation occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

Water pollution affects the entire biosphere – plants and organisms living in these bodies of water. In almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and population, but also to the natural biological communities.

4.

If you want to help keep our waters clean, there are many things you can do to help. You can prevent water pollution of nearby rivers and lakes as well as groundwater and drinking water by following some simple guidelines in your everyday life.

Conserve water by turning off the tap when running water is not necessary. This helps prevent water shortages and reduces the amount of contaminated water that needs treatment. Be careful about what you throw down your sink or toilet. Don’t throw paints, oils or other forms of litter down the drain. Use environmentally household products, such as washing powder, household cleaning agents and toiletries. Take great care not to overuse pesticides and fertilisers. This will prevent runoffs of the material into nearby water sources. By having more plants in your garden you are preventing fertiliser, pesticides and contaminated water from running off into nearby water sources. Don’t throw litter into rivers, lakes or oceans. Help clean up any litter you see on beaches or in rivers and lakes, make sure it is safe to collect the litter and put it in a nearby dustbin.

5.

1. Industrial waste: Industries produce huge amount of waste which contains toxic chemicals and pollutants which can cause air pollution and damage to us and our environment. They contain pollutants such as lead, mercury, sulphur, asbestos, nitrates and many other harmful chemicals. Many industries do not have proper waste management system and drain the waste in the fresh water which goes into rivers, canals and later in to sea.

2. Sewage and waste water: The sewage and waste water that is produced by each household is chemically treated and released in to sea with fresh water. The sewage water carries harmful bacteria and chemicals that can cause serious health problems. Pathogens are known as a common water pollutant; The sewers of cities house several pathogens and thereby diseases.

3. Mining activities: Mining is the process of crushing the rock and extracting coal and other minerals from underground. These elements when extracted in the raw form contains harmful chemicals and can increase the amount of toxic elements when mixed up with water which may result in health problems.

4. Marine dumping: The garbage produce by each household in the form of paper, aluminum, rubber, glass, plastic, food if collected and deposited into the sea in some countries. These items take from 2 weeks to 200 years to decompose.

5. Accidental Oil leakage: Oil spill pose a huge concern as large amount of oil enters into the sea and does not dissolve with water; there by opens problem for local marine wildlife such as fish, birds and sea otters.

6. Burning of fossil fuels: Fossil fuels like coal and oil when burnt produce substantial amount of ash in the atmosphere. The particles which contain toxic chemicals when mixed with water vapor result in acid rain. Also, carbon dioxide is released from burning of fossil fuels which result in global warming.

7. Chemical fertilizers and pesticides: Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used by farmers to protect crops from insects and bacterias. They are useful for the plants growth. However, when these chemicals are mixed up with water produce harmful for plants and animals.....

6.

Death of aquatic (water) animals
The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills organisms that depend on these water bodies. Dead fish, crabs, birds and sea gulls, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in their habitat (living environment).

Disruption of food-chains
Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all higher levels.

Diseases
Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. In many poor nations, there is always outbreak of cholera and diseases as a result of poor drinking water treatment from contaminated waters.
Did you read about the Water contamination in Flint, Michigan, USA? Read here.

Destruction of ecosystems
Ecosystems (the interaction of living things in a place, depending on each other for life) can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt humans in many ways.

7.

Air pollution

Water pollution

Soil Pollution

Radioactive Pollution

Noise Pollution

Thermal Pollution

Light Pollution

Visual Pollution

Personal Pollution

8.

Are natural disasters increasing? Yes. Natural disasters are unpreventable occurrences that take place, ranging from mild to absolutely destructive. In recent years, it may seem as if these storms have increased from prior decades.

According to recent studies, it is true: the number of natural and geophysical disasters taking place each year is noticeably skyrocketing.

Geophysical disasters include earthquakes, volcanoes, dry rock-falls, landslides and avalanches. Climatic disasters are classified as floods, storms, tropical cyclones, local storms, heat/cold waves, droughts and wildfires.

9.When you buy a home, you want to protect it. Nothing should take away your sanctuary—not bad weather or unexplainable freak accidents.

10.Human-initiated fires are to blame for a high amount of property damage; loss of wildlife habitat and the lives of humans and animals. Some forest fires are the result of carelessness or improper habits when engaging in outdoor activities. Familiarizing yourself with appropriate forest fire preventive measures not only helps you become a more aware individual when it comes to protecting the safety and natural resources in your region, but also helps you better spread the word

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Càng nhanh càng tốt nha.

TRONG NGÀY HÔM NAY, THỨ 2, THỨ 3 NHA CÁC BẠN THỨ 4 MÌNH THI RỒI

toppic 1
my favourite tv programme is animal planet .it is a documentary and it on channel 5 . every sunday evening at 8p.m. i sit in front of the tv and watch it . i like the progrmme because i love animals . i know about their habits their foods and their lives through the programme . i am going to use knowledge in my easy about animals next week

toppic 2
my future house will be on the ocean . it will be surrounded by tall trees and blue sea . there will be a swimming pool in front and a large flower garden behind the house . there will be a helicopter on the roof so that i can fly . my future house will be some robots in the house . they will help me do the housework , such as cleaning the floors , cooking meals , washing clothes , watering the flowers and feeding the dogs and cats . i will have a super smart tv in my house . it will help me surf the internet , send àd receive my e-mail , and contact my friends on other planet.it will also help me order food from the supermartket. i love my future house