a) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{5,88}{98}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

            0,04<--0,06------->0,02---------->0,06

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=m_{Al}=0,04.27=1,08\left(g\right)\\V=V_{H_2}=0,06.22,4=1,344\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 

Cách 1: \(m=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,02.342=6,84\left(g\right)\)

Cách 2: \(m_{H_2}=0,06.2=0,12\left(g\right)\)

Áp dụng ĐLBTKL:

\(m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow m=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=1,08+5,88-0,12=6,84\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2H_2+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,06}{2}< \dfrac{0,06}{1}\Rightarrow\) O₂ dư, H₂ hết

Theo PTHH: \(n_{O_2\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,06-0,03=0,03\left(mol\right)\\m_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,03.32=0,96\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,03.22,4=0,672\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,06.18=1,08\left(g\right)\)

\(a,2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.1,5=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{6}.0,6=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{6}.0,6=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ b,V=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ m=m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

Bài 3:

n_KOH = 1.0,05 = 0,05 (mol);n_HCl=0,5.0,5=0,25 (mol)

PTHH:   Fe      +      2HCl    →    FeCl₂    +    H₂

Mol:    0,0125                                 0,0125

PTHH: 2KOH + FeCl₂ → 2KCl + Fe(OH)₂

Mol:      0,05      0,025

Ta có:\(\dfrac{0,25}{2}>\dfrac{0,0125}{1}\) ⇒ HCl dư, FeCl₃ pứ hết

⇒ m=0,0125.56 = 0,7 (g)

Bài 4:

a,Nếu cho giấy quỳ tím vào dung dịch sau phản ứng thì màu của giấy quỳ tím sẽ không thay đổi màu sắc 

b,\(n_{NaOH}=0,5.0,15=0,075\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=1.0,15=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O

Mol:      0,075    0,075    0,075

Ta có:\(\dfrac{0,075}{1}< \dfrac{0,15}{1}\) ⇒ NaOH pứ hết , HCl dư

m_NaCl = 0,075.58,5 = 4,3875 (g)

c, V_{dd sau pứ} = 0,15 + 0,15 = 0,3 (l)

\(C_{M_{ddNaCl}}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,3}=0,25M;C_{M_{ddHCldư}}=\dfrac{0,15-0,075}{0,3}=0,25M\)

Bài 5:

a,\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{100.20,8\%}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{150.14,2\%}{142}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl

Mol:      0,1             0,1                0,1

Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,15}{1}\)⇒ BaCl₂ pứ hết, Na₂SO₄ dư

\(\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\)

b,m_{dd sau pứ} = 100+150 = 250 (g)

\(C\%_{ddNaCl}=\dfrac{0,2.58,5.100\%}{250}=4,68\%\)

 \(C\%_{ddNa_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,15-0,1\right).142.100\%}{250}=2,84\%\)

Bài 2:

a,\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{35}{100}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O

Mol:       0,35           0,7                            0,35

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,35.22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)

b,\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,7}{0,5}=1,4M\)

mình đg cần gấp

a) nNa = 4,6/23 = 0,2 (mol)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O -> 2NaOH + H2

Mol: 0,2 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,1

VH2 = 0,1 . 22,4 = 2,24 (l)

b) CMNaOH = 0,2/0,1 = 2M

c) mH2O = 100 . 1 = 100 (g)

mNaOH = 0,2 . 40 = 8 (g)

mH2 = 0,1 . 2 = 0,2 (g)

mdd = 100 + 8 - 0,2 = 107,8 (g)

C%NaOH = 8/107,8 = 7,42%

a) $2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$

b) n Al = 8,1/27 = 0,3(mol)

Theo PTHH : 

n H2 = 3/2 n Al = 0,45(mol)

V H2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)

c) n AlCl3 = n Al = 0,3(mol)

m AlCl3 = 0,3.133,5 = 40,05(gam)

d) n HCl = 3n Al = 0,9(mol)

m dd HCl = 0,9.36,5/7,3% = 450(gam)

Sau phản ứng : 

m dd = 8,1 + 450  -0,45.2 = 457,2(gam)

C% AlCl3 = 40,05/457,2  .100% = 8,76%

nNa2O= 12,4/62=0,2(mol)

a) PTHH: Na2O + H2O -> 2 NaOH

0,2_________0,2____0,4(mol)

b) VddNaOH=2(l)

=>CMddNaOH=0,4/0,2=2(M)

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