. Read then answer the questions.

Colds and flu are caused by viruses. The infections are contagious, passed on by tiny droplets and hand contact. There are hundreds of different types of virus that can cause cold, which explains why children get repeated colds. Flu is caused by the influenza virus. There are three major types: A (often the cause of flu epidemics), B and C. The flu virus is constantly changing its structure, so new strains appear each year. We don’t have immunity to the new strains, which is why we can catch flu repeatedly. Anyone can catch a cold or flu. The peak season for colds is the colder winter months, not only because of the weather but because central heating dries out the normally moist nasal mucosa-an important defense against invading viruses. However, you can catch a cold at any time of the year; one particular type of cold virus thrives in the summer. Flu rarely occurs outside November to February in the UK. A cold causes a stuffy or runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, cough, mild fever and tiredness, lasting from two to four days. Flu is more severe with a high fever (usually 39^oC or above), chills, headache, intense muscle pains, exhaustion, loss of  appetites, cough and sometimes a blocked nose and sore throat. It may last a week or more and possible complications include pneumonia. Most cold don’t last long and need no specific treatment other than painkillers and simple measures such as decongestant rubs or vaporizers. Antibiotics are of no benefit. Zinc supplements may help to settle a cold more quickly. Children with flu can be given similar treatments, with lots of rest, medicine to bring down any fever and plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration. Lowering the temperature in the room can also be helpful when someone has a fever. Specific antiviral treatments for flu are now available, but generally these are only given to those at high risk of flu complications.

1. What are cold and flu caused by?

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2. Why do children get repeated colds?

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3. How many influenza viruses is flu caused by? What are they?

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4. Who can catch a cold or flu?

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5. Which season do people usually get cold the most in the year?

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6. What symptoms do colds often cause?

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7. How many days does a cold last?

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8. What symptoms does flu often cause?

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9. How long does flu last?

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10. When someone gets colds, what measures should be used instead of painkillers?

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 Read paragraphs 1 and 2 of the text quickly to find the words below. What part of speech are they? Explain their meaning in your own words.

1. The reason is that the farmers often get very little because the companies who buy bananas want to make big profits. Life isn’t easy on a banana plantation. The farmers work long hours and can get harmed by dangerous pesticides.

2. Fairtrade is an international movement that tries to help farmers and workers in developing countries. Fairtrade products include items like bananas, coffee, sugar, cocoa and rice. When you buy a product with Fairtrade label, you know the farmers received a fair price and worked in good conditions.

Read the passage , then decide whether the statements that follow are True or False
The ao dai, the traditional dress of Vietnamese women, has been mentioned in many poems, novels and songs. It is a long silk tunic that is slit on the sides and worn over loose pants. Vietnamese women usually wear it, especially on special occasions such as Tet, Vietnamese Teachers’Day, or Wedding Anniversary. Nowadays, some fashion designers have made it more and more beautiful by changing the traditional ao dai. Some of them print lines of poetry on it, or they add the patterns such as sun, stars, crosses, and stripes to the ao dai. The ao dai becomes the national clothing, just like Kimono in Japan. Every morning, thousands of schoolgirls in white ao dai make the streets look nicer. Vietnamese women continue to wear this unique and fashionable dress.
Choose True (T) or False (F)
1. The ao dai isn't the traditional dress of Vietnamese women.
2. Vietnamese women never wear the ao dai on special occasions.
3. The Ao Dai is a long silk tunic that is slit on the sides and worn over loose pants.
4. Some designers print lines of poetry on it, or they add the patterns such as sun, stars, crosses, and stripes to the ao dai.
5. Vietnamese women continue to wear this unique and fashionable dress.

I. Read the text and do the following task.

Types of Families

A family is a group of people that have a common ancestor. They usually live together in the same house. Although it is a fact that not all families are the same, they can be categorized into different types.

A nuclear family consists of parents and their children living together. In many countries in Europe and North American this is the most common form of family. There are three types of nuclear families. In the first type the father works and the mother cares for the children. In the second type, the mother works and the father stays at home with the children. In the third type of family, both parents work. This last type of family is the most common in the USA and Canada.

In an extended family, different family members such as grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins live together. In many areas of the world, such as Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and Southern Europe, this type of family is common.

Recently in some countries, couples are choosing to have only one child. These types of families are called single child families. Some people believe that children raised in these kinds of families are spoilt, selfish and lonely. But research doesn't support this.

Some families have no children at all. The couples that make up these families sometimes make the choice not to have children because they want to have more free time. Some couples choose not to have children for financial reasons.

Families with only one parent are called single parent families. There are several causes of these types of families. The first reason is divorce. Another reason is that the one of the parent dies, leaving the surviving parent widowed. Additionally, some parents never get married in the first place.

When the husband or wife in a marriage brings children with them from a past marriage, this is called a blended or reconstituted family. This type of family has become more common due to the increase in divorces. For some children this kind of family can be good because there are two parents, instead of just one. But there can also be some difficulties as the two new families try to become one.

As the basis of all societies, families of all types are very important. This is true now and will be true in the future as well.

Match each description of a family on the left with a type of family on the right.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  Today's cars are smaller, safer, cleaner, and more economical than their predecessors, but the car of the future will be far more pollution-free than those on the road today. Several new types of automobile engines have already been developed that run on alternative sources of power, such as electricity, compressed natural gas, methanol, steam, hydrogen, and propane. Electricity, however, is the only zero- emission option presently available.

  Although electric vehicles will not be truly practical until a powerful, compact battery or other dependable source of current is available, transportation experts foresee a new assortment of electric vehicles entering everyday life: shorter-range commuter electric cars, three-wheeled neighborhood cars, electric delivery vans, bikes, and trolleys.

  As automakers work to develop practical electrical vehicles, urban planners and utility engineers are focusing on infrastructure systems to support and make the best use of the new cars. Public charging facilities will need to be as common as today's gas stations. Public parking spots on the street or in commercial lots will need to be equipped with devices that allow drivers to charge their batteries while they stop, dine, or attend a concert. To encourage the use of electric vehicles, the most convenient parking in transportation centers might be reserved for electric cars.

          Planners foresee electric shuttle buses, trains, buses, and neighborhood vehicles all meeting at transit centers that would have facilities for charging and renting. Commuters will be able to rent a variety of electric cars to suit their needs: light trucks, one-person three-wheelers, small cars, or electric/gasoline hybrid cars for longer trips, which will no doubt take place on automated freeways capable of handling five times the number of vehicles that can be carried by a freeway today.

The following electrical vehicles are all mentioned in the passage EXCEPT  .

A. vans

B. trains

C. planes

D. trolleys

Read the task and the blog post below. Which clubs from exercise 1 are mentioned? Which other clubs that are not in exercise 1 are mentioned?

One Saturday last month, the school organised an open day for students and parents to learn about all the school clubs. The event took place in the playground and also in the school hall.

More than two hundred people came to the school to find out about the activities the school can offer. Most of them were parents of primary school children who are going to start at the school in September, at the beginning of the next school year.

More than twenty different school clubs had stalls in the playground. Students and teachers at the stalls explained to the visitors what goes on at the clubs. In the school hall, there were karate displays from the martial arts club and a short performance by the choir.

In my view, the day was a great success. Since the open day, lots of people have been asking for information about clubs. As well as that, the school has received suggestions for new clubs, including ballroom dancing and ice skating!

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 38 to 42.

  Today’s cars are smaller, safer, cleaner and more economical than their predecessors, but the car of the future will be far more pollution-free than those on the road today. Several new types of automobile engines have already been developed that run on alternative sources of power, such as electricity, compressed natural gas, methanol, steam, hydrogen, propane. Electricity, however, is the only zero-emission option presently available.

  Although electric vehicles will not be truly practical until a powerful, compact battery or another dependable source of current is available, transportation expects foresee a new assortment of electric vehicles entering everyday life: shorter-range commuter electric cars, three-wheeled neighborhood cars, electric deliver vans, bikes, and trolleys.

  As automakers work to develop practical electric vehicles, urban planners and utility engineers are focusing on infrastructure systems to support and make the best use of the new cars. Public charging facilities will need to be as common as today’s gas stations. Public parking spots on the street or in commercial lots will need to be equipped with devices that allow drivers to charge their batteries while they stop, dine, or attend a concert. To encourage the use of electric vehicles, the most convenient parking in transportation centers might be reserved for electric cars.

  Planners foresee electric shuttle buses, trains and neighborhood vehicles all meeting at transit centers that would have facilities for charging and renting. Commuters will be able to rent a variety of electric cars to suit their needs: light trucks, one-person three-wheelers, small cars, or electric/gasoline hybrid cars for longer trips, which is no doubt take place on automated freeways capable of handling five times number of vehicles that can be carried by a freeway today.

The following electric vehicles are all mentioned in the passage EXCEPT ________

A. trolleys

B. trains

C. planes

D. vans

Read the passage and then decide whether the sentences are True (A) or False (B).

Types of film

Adventure

Do you like thrilling stories that take you to wondrous places? They are similar to action films but the action may be less and more weight will be given to experiences.

Crime and Gangster Films

Such films trace the lives of fictional and true criminals, gangs or mobsters. Serial killer films may be included here.

Drama films

They are sensible movies with a strong plot. Dramas depict true stories or real-like situations. The character development is not-worthy.

Musicals/Dance films

These are entertaining films that are based on full scale scores or song and dance. They can either be delightful, light-hearted films for the whole family (i.e. The Sound of Music) or contain a dark aspect (Sweeney Todd) that is explored through music.

(Adapted from http://tune4mac.over-blog.com)

36. Adventure films are the same as action films.

A. True            B. False

37. All of the characters in Crime and Gangster Films are not real

A. True            B. False

38. A true stories from day-to-day life can be found in Drama films.

A. True            B. False

39. There are many songs and dances in musical films.

A. True            B. False

40. Musical films always have a happy ending.

A. True            B. False