viết bài nói Topic 2 

. Let’s talk about global warming and solutions to this problem.

The following questions may help you.

What is global warming?

What are the main causes of this problem?

What concerns you most about global warming?

Which countries will be most affected by global warming? Is Viet Nam in the list?

What should we do to solve this problem?

A. Global Warming: Read and choose the correct letter to the questions below

A.1. What is this article mainly about?

a. changing global warming definitions

b. the causes of global warming

c. how to stop global warming

A.2. Which of these is a natural cause of global warming?

a. Volcanic eruption

b. Clearing of forests

c. Pollution from vehicles

A.3. We need trees to ____.

a. trap heat in the air

b. remove CO2 from the air

c. remove volcanic ash from the air

A.4. In the text, severely means ____.

a. safely

b. gently

c. extremely

A.5. According to the chart, CO2 levels are ____.

a. not changing

b. decreasing

c. increasing

             The costs and benefits of global warming will vary greatly from area to area. For moderate climate change, the balance can be difficult to assess. But the larger the change in climate is, the more negative the consequences will become. Global warming will probably make life harder, not easier, for most people. This is mainly because we have already built enormous infrastructure based on the climate we now have.

             People in some temperate zones may benefit from milder winters, more abundant rainfall, and expanding crop production zones. But people in other areas will suffer from increased heat waves, coastal erosion, rising sea level, more erratic rainfall, and droughts.

             The crops, natural vegetation, and domesticated and wild animals (including seafood) that sustain people in a given area may be unable to adapt to local or regional changes in climate. The ranges of diseases and insect pests that are limited by temperature may expand, if other environmental conditions are also favorable.

             In its summary report on the impacts of climate change, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated, “Taken as a whole, the range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time.”

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Environment pollution is real.                                        B. Reasons why low-lying areas are flooded.

C. Solutions to global warming.                                         D. Reasons why global warming is a problem.                           1…….

2. In paragraph 1, the word ‘This’ refers to _____.

A. harder life as a result of global warming                     B. easier life as a result of global warming

C. climate change on global scale                                    D. flood in low-lying areas                                                              

3. In paragraph 2, the word ‘erratic’ is closest in meaning to _____.

A. predictable                             B. unpredictable              C. flexible                          D. inflexible                                            

4. According to the passage, all of the following are the results of global warming EXCEPT _______.

A. higher temperature              B. coastal erosion            C. stable rainfall              D. increasing sea level                                         

5. What may happen to diseases and insect pests as a result of global warming?

A. They will become extinct.                                               B. They will increase in number.

C. They will not harm our planet.                                       D. They will be under good control.                                             

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

          Experts in climatology and other scientists are becoming extremely concerned about the changes to our climate which are taking place. Admittedly, climate changes have occurred on our planet before. For example, there have been several ice ages or glacial periods.
          These climatic changes, however, were different from the modern ones in that they occurred gradually and, as far as we know, naturally. The changes currently being monitored are said to be the result not of natural causes, but of human activity. Furthermore, the rate of change is becoming alarmingly rapid.
          The major problem is that the planet appears to be warming up. According to some experts, this warming process, known as global warming, is occurring at a rate unprecedented in the last 10,000 years. The implications for the planet are very serious. Rising global temperatures could give rise to such ecological disasters as extremely high increases in the incidence of flooding and of droughts. These in turn could have a harmful effect on agriculture.
          It is thought that this unusual warming of the Earth has been caused by so-called greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, being emitted into the atmosphere by car engines and modern industrial processes, for example. Such gases not only add to the pollution of the atmosphere, but also create a greenhouse effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the planet.
          Politicians are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the subject, attended by representatives from around 180 of the world’s industrialized countries. Of these summits, the most important took place in Kyotoin Japanin 1997. There it was agreed that the most industrialized countries would try to reduce the volume of greenhouse gas emissions and were given targets for this reduction of emissions.
          It was also suggested that more forests should be planted to create so-called sinks to absorb greenhouse gases. At least part of the problem of rapid climate change has been caused by too drastic deforestation.
          Sadly, the targets are not being met. Even more sadly, global warnings about climate changes are often still being regarded as scaremongering

What is probably the writer’s attitude toward global warning?

A. Optimistic

B. Pessimistic

C. Neutral

D. Positive

different,what,of,land,ago,in,because,write

About two hundred years................[1] man lived..............[2] greater harmony with his environment............[3] industry was not much developed. Today the situation is quite..........[4]. People all over the world are worried about........[5] is happening to the environment, because.......[6] modern industry and the need for more energy. Newspapers and magazines.................[7] about water pollution, air pollution

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

The "greenhouse effect" is the warming that happens when certain gases in Earth's atmosphere (23)__________heat. These gases let in light but keep heat from escaping, like the glass walls of a greenhouse. First, sunlight shines onto the Earth's surface, (24)____it is absorbed and then radiates back into the atmosphere as heat. In the atmosphere, “greenhouse gases trap some of this heat, and the (25) ___________escapes into space. The more greenhouse gases are in the atmosphere, the more heat gets trapped.

Scientists have known about the greenhouse effect since 1824, when Joseph Fourier calculated that the Earth would be much colder if it had no atmosphere. This greenhouse effect is what keeps the Earth's climate  (26_________. Without it, the Earth's surface would be an average of about 60 degrees Fahrenheit cooler. Scientists often use the term "climate change" instead of global warming. This is because as the Earth's average temperature climbs, winds and ocean currents move heat around the globe in ways that can cool  some areas,  warm others, and change the amount of rain and snow falling.(27)_______, the climate changes differently in different areas.

(Source: https://www.open.edu/openlearncreate/mod/oucontent)

Điền vào ô 27.

A. However

B. In addition

C. On the contrary

D. As a result