nSO2= 0,4(mol)

Đặt: nAl=a(mol); nMg=b(mol)  (a,b>0)

PTHH: 2 Al + 6 H2SO4(đ) -to-> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 SO2 + 6 H2O

a____________3a______0,5a___________1,5a(mol)

Mg + 2 H2SO4(đ) -to-> MgSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O

b_____2b________b________b(mol)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,8\\1,5a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMg=0,1.24=2,4(g)

=>%mMg=(2,4/7,8).100=30,769%

=> %mAl= 69,231%

a) Đặt: nMg=x(mol); nZnO=y(mol)

nH2SO4= 0,2(mol)

PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2

x___________x____x_______x(mol)

ZnO + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2O

y____y______y(mol)

Ta có: 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+81y=12,9\\22,4x=4,48\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)

%mMg=(4,8/12,9).100=37,209%

=>%mZnO=62,791%

b) nH2SO4=x+y=0,3(mol)

=> \(C\%ddH2SO4=\dfrac{0,3.98}{120}.100=24,5\%\)

\(n_{Cu}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_X=64a+56b=16.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{8.96}{22.4}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn e : 

\(2a+3b=0.4\cdot2=0.8\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.0475,b=0.235\)

\(\%Cu=\dfrac{0.0475\cdot64}{16.2}\cdot100\%=18.76\%\)

\(\%Fe=81.24\%\)

\(b.\)

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{0.0475}{0.235}=\dfrac{19}{94}\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Cu}=19x\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=94x\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_X=19x\cdot64+94x\cdot56=22\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{11}{3240}\)

\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11}{3240}\cdot94=\dfrac{517}{1620}\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=7.15\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2Al+6H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O\\ Mg+2H_2SO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}MgSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

Đặt \(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)

Ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=7,65\\1,5a+b=0,375\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\\b=0,15\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,15}{7,65}.100\%=52,94\%\\ \%m_{Mg}=100\%-52,94\%=47,06\%\)

.

a, \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

\(Cu+2H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\underrightarrow{t^o}CuSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,479}{24,79}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{2,9748}{24,79}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Cu}=n_{SO_2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m=m_{Zn}+m_{Cu}=0,1.65+0,12.64=14,18\left(g\right)\)

Có: \(n_{H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}}=2n_{SO_2}=0,24\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow x=m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(đ\right)}=\dfrac{0,24.98}{98\%}=24\left(g\right)\)