b,\(n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + 2HCl → CuCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     0,2         0,4  

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)

c,\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{16,2}{81}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: ZnO + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      0,2         0,2

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(l\right)\)

d,\(n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: H₂SO₄ + 2KOH → K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

Mol:     0,2           0,4

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{1}=0,4\left(l\right)\)

Ví dụ 5 :

n KOH = 0,02.0,35 = 0,007(mol)

n HCl = 0,08.0,1 = 0,008(mol)

$KOH + HCl \to KCl + H_2O$

n HCl pư = n KOH = 0,007(mol)

=> n HCl dư = 0,008 - 0,007 = 0,001(mol)

V dd = 0,02 + 0,08 = 0,1(mol)

=> [H⁺ ] = CM HCl dư = 0,001/0,1 = 0,01M

=> pH = -log(0,01) = 2

Ví dụ 3  :

n NaOH = 0,01.0,001V(mol)

n HCl = 0,03.0,001V(mol)

$HCl + NaOH \to NaCl + H_2O$

n HCl dư = 0,03.0,001V - 0,01.0,001V = 0,02.0,001V(mol)

Suy ra : 

[H⁺ ] = CM HCl dư = 0,02.0,001V/0,002V = 0,01(M)

=> pH = -log(0,01) = 2

Ví dụ 4 : 

n HCl = 0,02.0,05 = 0,001(mol)

n H2SO4 = 0,02.0,075 = 0,0015(mol)

=> n H+ = 0,001 + 0,0015.2 = 0,004(mol)

V dd = 0,02 + 0,02 = 0,04(ml)

=> [H⁺ ] = 0,004/0,04 = 0,1M

=> pH = - log(0,1) = 1

Câu 1:

PT ion: \(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{OH^-}=0,6\cdot0,4+0,6\cdot0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{H^+}=0,2\cdot2,6=0,52\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Rightarrow\) H⁺ hết, OH^- còn dư \(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-\left(dư\right)}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,08}{0,6+0,2}=0,1\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow pH=14+log\left(0,1\right)=13\)

Bài 2:

PT ion: \(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{OH^-}=0,3\cdot1,6=0,48\left(mol\right)\\n_{H^+}=0,2\cdot1\cdot2+0,2\cdot2=0,8\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\) OH^- hết, H⁺ còn dư \(\Rightarrow n_{H^+\left(dư\right)}=0,32\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,32}{0,2+0,3}=0,64\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left(0,64\right)\approx0,19\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(A\right)}=aM\\C_{M\left(B\right)}=bM\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giả sử trộn 50ml dd A với 50ml dd B để thu được 100ml dd C

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,05a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{BaSO_4}=\dfrac{9,32}{233}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)

n_H2SO4 = 0,035.2 = 0,07 (mol)

PTHH: Ba(OH)₂ + H₂SO₄ --> BaSO₄ + 2H₂O

              0,04<----0,04<-------0,04

            2NaOH + H₂SO₄ --> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

              0,06<----0,03

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0,05a=0,06\\0,05b=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> a = 1,2; b = 0,8 

20 ml dd A chứa n_NaOH = 0,02.1,2 = 0,024 (mol)

\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{20,4}{102}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2NaOH + Al₂O₃ --> 2NaAlO₂ + H₂O

             0,024-->0,012

            Ba(OH)₂ + Al₂O₃ --> Ba(AlO₂)₂ + H₂O

             0,188<---0,188

=> \(V_{dd.B}=\dfrac{0,188}{0,8}=0,235\left(l\right)=235\left(ml\right)\)

2

b

mNaCl=\(\dfrac{200.15}{100}\)=30(g)

nNaCl=\(\dfrac{30}{58,5}\)=0.51(mol)

VddNaCl=\(\dfrac{200}{1,1}\)=181.8(ml)=0.1818(l)

CMNaCl=\(\dfrac{0,51}{0,1818}\)=2.8(M)

Đáp án A

n _HCl =  \(0,796.2\) =1,592 (mol) 
n _H2 = \(\dfrac{4,368}{22,4}\)=0,195 (mol) 
Bảo toàn nguyên tố H

=> n _H2O =\(\dfrac{1,592-0,195.2}{2}\) = 0,601 (mol)
=> m _H2O = 10,818 g
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng :

m _{muối khan} = m _{hỗn hợp} + m _axit - m _H2O - m_H2
=> 26,43 + 1,592.36,5 - 10,818 - 0,195.2
= 73,33 g

Chọn B