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cho x,y,z >0 thỏa mãn \(2\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\). CMR: \(\dfrac{3yz}{x}+\dfrac{4zx}{y}+\dfrac{5xy}{z}\ge... - Hoc24

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhia dạng phân thức cho 3 số ta có:

\(\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{x+z}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}=\dfrac{2}{2}=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{y+z}=\dfrac{y}{z+x}=\dfrac{z}{x+y}\\x,y,z>0;x+y+z=2\end{matrix}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Svac-xơ cho 3 số dương có :

\(\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2.\left(x+y+z\right)}=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

Vậy Min biểu thức cho là 1 khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(T\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+x+y+z}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{2019}{2}\)

áp dụng BĐT:\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\) với a,b,c,x,y,z là số dương

ta có BĐT Bunhiacopxki cho 3 bộ số:\(\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}};\sqrt{x}\right);\left(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}};\sqrt{y}\right);\left(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}};\sqrt{z}\right)\)

ta có :

\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\left(x+y+z\right)\)\(=\left[\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2\right]\).\(\left[\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z}\right)^2\right]\)\(\ge\left(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{x}}.\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{y}}.\sqrt{y}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{z}}.\sqrt{z}\right)^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

lúc đó ta có :\(\dfrac{a^2}{x}+\dfrac{b^2}{y}+\dfrac{c^2}{z}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)

ta có \(T=\dfrac{x^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{y^2}{y+\sqrt{zx}}+\dfrac{z^2}{z+\sqrt{xy}}\)\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+\sqrt{yz}+y+\sqrt{zx}+z+\sqrt{xy}}\) mà ta có :

\(\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{xy}\)\(\le\dfrac{x+y}{2}+\dfrac{x+z}{2}+\dfrac{z+y}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}+\sqrt{xy}\le x+y+z\)

\(\Rightarrow T=\dfrac{2019}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=673\)

vậy \(\text{MinT}=\dfrac{2019}{2}\) khi và chỉ khi x=y=z=673

Giá trị nhỏ nhất là căn 82

\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Áp dụng BĐT cô si với ba số không âm ta có :

$\frac{1}{{\left(x+1\right)}^2}+\frac{x+1}{8}+\frac{x+1}{8}\ge 3\sqrt[3]{3\frac{1}{64}}=\frac{3}{4}$

=> $\frac{1}{{\left(x+1\right)}^2}\ge \frac{3}{4}-\frac{x+1}{4}$ (1)

Dấu '' = '' xảy ra khi x = 1 

CM tương tự ra có " $\frac{1}{{\left(y+1\right)}^2}\ge \frac{3}{4}-\frac{y+1}{4}$(2) ; $\frac{1}{{\left(z+1\right)}^2}\ge \frac{3}{4}-\frac{z+1}{4}$ (3)

Dấu ''= '' xảy ra khi y = 1 ; z = 1 

Từ (1) (2) và (3) => $\frac{1}{{\left(x+1\right)}^2}+\frac{1}{{\left(y+1\right)}^2}+\frac{1}{{\left(z+1\right)}^2}\ge \frac{3}{4}\cdot 3-\frac{x+y+z+3}{4}$$\ge \frac{9}{4}-\frac{3\sqrt[3]{3xyz}+3}{4}=\frac{9}{4}-\frac{6}{4}=\frac{3}{4}$

BĐT được chứng minh 

Dấu '' = '' của bất đẳng thức xảy ra khi x =y =z = 1

:()

x12=y9=z5=k" role="presentation" style="border:0px; box-sizing:border-box; direction:ltr; display:inline; float:none; line-height:normal; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax">x12=y9=z5=k

x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29" role="presentation" style="border:0px; box-sizing:border-box; direction:ltr; display:inline; float:none; line-height:normal; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax">x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29

x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29=x2+y2−z225+49−9=58565=9" role="presentation" style="border:0px; box-sizing:border-box; direction:ltr; display:inline; float:none; line-height:normal; margin:0px; max-height:none; max-width:none; min-height:0px; min-width:0px; padding:0px; position:relative; white-space:nowrap; word-spacing:normal; word-wrap:normal" class="MathJax">x5=y7=z3=x225=y249=z29=x2+y2−z225+49−9=58565=9

=>x=5.9=45

y=7.9=63

z=3*9=27

vậy x=45,y=63,z=27

1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có

 \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)

\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)

Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được

\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)

2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)

Dấu"=" khi a = 4b

nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)

nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)

khi đó a + b = 1

mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)