a) x = -1.                      b) x = 4 hoặc x = 5.

c) x = ± 2 .                  d) x = 1 hoặc x = 2.

a: \(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=5\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x-8\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x^2=-1\left(vô.lí\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=-1\\ c,\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-4x+8=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\\ d,\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+3x-9x+2x-6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+x+2x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-1\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\Rightarrow4\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) \(\Rightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-1\left(do.x^2+1\ge1>0\right)\)

c) \(\Rightarrow x\left(x-4\right)-2\left(x-4\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-4\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(\Rightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)+3x\left(x-3\right)+2\left(x-3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đề bài yêu cầu gì vậy em.

\(x^4-1-2\left(m+1\right)x^2+2\left(m+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-2\left(m+1\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-2m-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1\\x^2=2m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Pt có 4 nghiệm pb khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2m+1>0\\2m+1\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m>-\dfrac{1}{2}\\m\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Do \(x=\pm1< 3\) nên để  \(x_1< x_2< x_3< x_4< 3\) thì:

\(\sqrt{2m+1}< 3\Leftrightarrow m< 4\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{1}{2}< m< 4\\m\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)

b. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1-x_3=x_3-x_2\\x_1-x_3=x_2-x_1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=-x_2\\x_1-x_3=-x_1-x_1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_2=-x_1\\x_3=3x_1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Do vai trò \(x_1;x_2\) như nhau, giả sử \(x_1< 0\) \(\Rightarrow x_1;x_3\) là 2 nghiệm âm

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=-1\\x_2=1\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_3=-\sqrt{2m+1}\\x_3=3x_1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow-\sqrt{2m+1}=-3\Rightarrow m=4\)

TH2: \(x_1=-\sqrt{2m+1}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_3=-1\\x_3=3x_1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow-1=-3\sqrt{2m+1}\) \(\Rightarrow m=-\dfrac{4}{9}\)

a) Ta có: \(x^3+x^2+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+1>0\forall x\)

nên x+1=0

hay x=-1

Vậy: S={-1}

b) Ta có: \(x^3-6x^2+11x-6=0\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-x^2-5x^2+5x+6x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)-5x\left(x-1\right)+6\left(x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-5x+6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\x-2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={1;2;3}

c) Ta có: \(x^3-x^2-21x+45=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+2x^2-6x-15x+45=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)+2x\left(x-3\right)-15\left(x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+2x-15\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+5x-3x-15\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2\cdot\left(x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={3;-5}

d) Ta có: \(x^4+2x^3-4x^2-5x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+4x^3-8x^2+4x^2-8x+3x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3\left(x-2\right)+4x^2\cdot\left(x-2\right)+4x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+4x^2+4x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3+3x^2+x^2+4x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x+3\right)+\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)

mà \(x^2+x+1>0\forall x\)

nên (x-2)(x+3)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy: S={2;-3}