Áp dụng Côsi:

\(a^4+a^4+a^4+1\ge4\sqrt[4]{\left(a^4\right)^3}=4a^3\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4+d^4\right)\ge4\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)-1\)

Ta chứng minh: \(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\ge4\)

Theo Côsi: \(a^3+1+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3}=3a\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3+2.4\ge3\left(a+b+c+d\right)=3.4\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4+d^4\right)\ge4\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)-4\ge3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+d^4\ge a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\)

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:

$a+2b=\frac{a+b}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}+b\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b(a+b)^2}{4}}$

$\Rightarrow 4(a+2b)^3\geq 4.[3\sqrt[3]{\frac{(a+b)^2b}{4}}]^3$

$=27b(a+b)^2$ (đpcm)

bn c/m điều ngược lại 

Vd: cho 0=<a,b,c=<4/3 và a+b+c=2. CMR a^2+b2+c^2=2

Từ a+b+c=6 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b=6-c

Ta có: ab+bc+ac=9\(\Leftrightarrow\)ab+c(a+b)=9

                               \(\Leftrightarrow\)ab=9-c(a+b)

           Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)

                                \(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-c(6-c)

                                \(\Rightarrow\)ab=9-6c+c²

Ta có: (b-a)²\(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)b, c

  \(\Rightarrow\)b²+a²-2ab\(\ge\)0

  \(\Rightarrow\)(b+a)²-4ab\(\ge\)0

  \(\Rightarrow\)(a+b)²\(\ge\)4ab

Mà a+b=6-c (cmt)

         ab= 9-6c+c² (cmt)

  \(\Rightarrow\)(6-c)²\(\ge\)4(9-6c+c²)

  \(\Rightarrow\)36+c²-12c\(\ge\)36-24c+4c²

  \(\Rightarrow\)36+c²-12c-36+24c-4c²\(\ge\)0

  \(\Rightarrow\)-3c²+12c\(\ge\)0

  \(\Rightarrow\)3c²-12c\(\le\)0

  \(\Rightarrow\)3c(c-4)\(\le\)0

  \(\Rightarrow\)c(c-4)\(\le\)0

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}}\)hoặc\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\le0\\c-4\ge0\end{cases}}\)

*\(\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c-4\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge0\\c\le4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}0\le c\le4}\)

*

\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^{101}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3A-A=\left(3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+...+3^{101}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{100}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2A=3^{101}-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{3^{101}-3}{2}< 3^{100}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A< B\)

a. tính A = 3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^100

3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^100

3A-A=(3^2+3^3+3^4+....+3^101)-(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^100)=3^101-3=3^100

mà B=3^100-1 => A<B

\(A=1+4+4^2+...+4^{99}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4A=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{100}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3A=4^{100}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{4^{100}-1}{3}< \frac{4^{100}}{3}\)

hay A<B (đpcm)

b) Áp dụng bđt Holder ta có:

\(\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\right)\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\right)\left(a^2\left(b+c\right)^2+b^2\left(c+a\right)^2+c^2\left(a+b\right)^2\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3\)

Lại có \(a^2\left(b+c\right)^2+b^2\left(c+a\right)^2+c^2\left(a+b\right)^2\le2a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2b^2\left(c^2+a^2\right)+2c^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}}\).

Ta chỉ cần chứng minh: \(\dfrac{\sqrt[4]{27\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)}}{2}\le\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}}\Leftrightarrow27\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3\).

Áp dụng bđt AM - GM ta có \(27\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)^2\le\left(a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\).

Vậy ta có đpcm.

a) Câu này cũng tương tự: Áp dụng bđt Holder ta có:

\(\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3\).

Đến đây làm tương tự là ok